Ancient History SG

Question 1

King of Macedonia, Greece, and the Persian Empire. He inherited the best army but when he died, his conquests fell into civil war.

Answer 1

Alexander the Great

Question 2

Julius Caesar’s adopted son, member of the 2nd Triumvirate, defeated Mark Antony and Cleopatra at Actium in 31 BCE, 1st emperor of Rome (27) BCE, founder of the Empire and the Julio-Claudian Dynasty.

Answer 2

Augustus Caesar

Question 3

Sided with Pompey in the civil war, was pardoned by Caesar, and was given posts in his government. Assassinated Caesar with other conspirators in 44 BCE, defeated by the 2nd Triumvirate at Phillipi.

Answer 3

Brutus

Question 4

Part of the conspirators that killed Caesar. Brutus’ close friend.

Answer 4

Cassius

Question 5

A prominent conservative, who dislikes women’s liberation, was part of the anti-Carthaginian faction of Rome.

Answer 5

Cato the Elder

Question 6

Uncovered Cataline’s Conspiracy to overthrow the Republic. Deposed Caesar and Antony in orations. Philosopher, writer, etc.

Answer 6

Cicero

Question 7

Rebuilt the temple at Delphi, and proposed a scheme whereby the masses would direct the state. He created a council of 500 members (boule). Broke up regional factions through building blocks.

Answer 7

Cleisthenes

Question 8

Last Ptolemaic queen of Egypt. Allied and loved Caesar and Antony. Married Antony, but both died at Actium.

Answer 8

Cleopatra VII

Question 9

Became the sole emperor of Rome at the Battle of Milvian Bridge. With the Edict of Milan, he made Christianity the religion of Rome. He also made Constantinople the capital of the Eastern Empire of Rome.

Answer 9

Constantine

Question 10

Supreme magistrates in the Roman Republic and hold office in pairs.

Answer 10

Consul

Question 11

Expanded the Persian Empire. Was king during Ionian Revolt, and proposed revenge.

Answer 11

Darius of Persia

Question 12

Athens formed an anti-Persian alliance with itself in the league.

Answer 12

Delian League

Question 13

In this type of government, the people had a voice in voting and governmental decisions.

Answer 13

Democracy

Question 14

Divided the Empire into the Eastern and Western Roman Empires. Instead of provinces, Diocese was used. Created Tetrarchy – ‘Rule of Four’.

Answer 14

Diocletian

Question 15

Tribune of the Plebians and skilled demagogue. Passed iex frumeutavia (grain dole). He was the 2nd Tribune to be killed by a senatorial mob after his brother, Tiberius Gracchus, was killed.

Answer 15

Gaius Gracchus

Question 16

God, one of the holy trinities. ‘Leader’ of the Christians. Founder of Christianity. Lived in 4 BCE – 30 CE. Born in Jerusalem.

Answer 16

Jesus Christ

Question 17

Member of the 1st Triumvirate, defeated Pompey in the civil war and became appointed himself dictator-for-life. Assassinated by a conspiracy led by Brutus and Cassius.

Answer 17

Julius Caesar

Question 18

Optimizes consul and general, marched on Rome twice in civil wars with Marius. Proscribed thousands of Romans. He reformed the state to empower the senate and disempower plebians.

Answer 18

Lucius Cornelius Sulla

Question 19

Julius Caesar’s Chief Lieutenant and right-hand man. Member of the 2nd Triumvirate.

Answer 19

Mark Antony

Question 20

Author of Meditations. Philosopher-king.

Answer 20

Marcus Aurelius

Question 21

Went on four journeys and wrote 13 letters. Former Pharisee.

Answer 21

Saul/Paul

Question 22

League formed by Sparta to counter Athenian expansion/aggression.

Answer 22

Peloponnesian League

Question 23

Greek troop formation used in armies.

Answer 23

Phalanx

Question 24

Greek writer in the 1st Century of the Roman Empire.

Answer 24

Plutarch

Question 25

Conqueror of Syria and Judes, member of the 1st Triumvirate. He opposed Caesar causing a civil war. Killed by his guards after he tried to escape from Caesar.

Answer 25

Pompey the Great

Question 26

The Advisory Council, made up of patricians. The number of the senate was formally 300, but Caesar increased it to 900.

Answer 26

Senate

Question 27

Philosopher

Answer 27

Seneca the Elder

Question 28

Rule of four. Consists of two Augustus (senior rulers) and two Caesar (heir). Developed by Diocletian after the separation of the Roman Empire.

Answer 28

Tetrarchy

Question 29

Tribune of the Plebians and was the 1st successful populist. Passed iex sempronia agaria (land reform law) without permission from the senate. He was the 1st Tribune to be killed by a senatorial mob.

Answer 29

Tiberius Gracchus

Question 30

An elected official who protects the plebians from the patricians, veto power, calling meeting senate and assemblies to propose laws.

Answer 30

Tribune of the Plebians