Science Review Nov 23rd Test Flashcards
What is a state of matter
Refers to the 3 basic forms that matter can take- Solid, liquid and gas
Condensation
Change of state from a gas to a liquid
Sublimation
Change of state from a solid to a gas or from a gas to a solid
Deposition
Change of state from a gas to a solid
Malleability
Term used to describe a substance that may be rolled or pressed into sheets
Ductility
Solids definition that can be stretched into a lengthy wire
Conductivity
Substances capacity to transmit electricity or to heal
Solubility
Mass of a substance that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent to form a saturated solution at a given temperature
Compound
Chemical combination of two or more elements
Mixture
Combination of pure substances
Solution
Mixture of two or more substances which makes it look like one
Aqueous solution
Solution where water is the solvent
Colloid
Cloudy mixture in which tiny particles of one substance are trapped in another and cannot be separated
Metals
Conductor of electricity that is shiny, malleable and ductile
Non metals
Dull, brittle element that cannot conduct electricity
Metalloids
A métal with both metallic and non metallic properties
Alkali metals
Group 1 elements in the periodic table, most reactive of the metals
Alkaline earth metals
Group 2 elements in the periodic table, reactivity is not as strong as the alkali
Halogens
Group 17 elements, most reactive non metals
Noble gasses
Group 18 elements, Most stable and unreactive elements
Ion
An atom that is now electrically charged because of electron loss or gain
Polyatomic ions
Group of atoms acting as one
Corrosion
When airborne oxygen interacts with a metal
Catalyst
Substance that helps a chemical reaction to proceed more quickly
Democritus
Developed the word atomos. Meaning smallest particles that couldn’t be broken down any further
Dalton
Suggested elements were composed of atoms
Thomson
Discovered electrons. Developed raison bun model of matter
Nagoaka
Modeled matter after the solar system
Rutherford
Found evidence of central nucleus named central core
Bohr
Working with Rutherford, found electrons orbit is specific shells
Chadwick
Discovered neutrons
Mendeleev
Found the patterns of the periodic table. Organized the periodic table
What is the number at the top right of a element
Ion charge
Atomic number = ?
Protons
Protons= ?
Electrons
Atomic mass = ?
Neutrons + Protons
(-)
Indicators of chemical change
Change in colour
Change in odour
Change in temperature
Change of state
Formation of gas
Element
An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler format
Order of scientist (oldest to newest)
DDTNRBC
Don’t don’t trust ni@@as real bih caution
Democritus, dalton, Thomson, nagoaka, Rutherford, Bohr, Chadwick
Ionic compound
Chemical compound composed of ions held together by electrostatic forces termed ionic bonding
Ionic compound is the non metals + metals
Molecular compound
Métal + métal
Exothermic reaction
Chemical reaction that releases energy
Endothermic reaction
Chemical reaction that absorbs energy
Closed system
Ex cup of tea with lid on it
Open system
Experiment allowing the release of one or more chemical reaction products
Ex human body
Molecular compounds use ____ for naming numbers of atoms
Prefix’s ex mono, di, tri
Ionic compound use____ to name numbers
Roman numerals
