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Commerce > Science-Putting Up Defences > Flashcards

Science-Putting Up Defences Flashcards

1
Q

Helper T Cells

A

Help B cells and other T cells to start the immune response

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2
Q

Pathogen

A

A disease causing organism

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3
Q

Antibiotic

A

A substance derived from a certain fungi, bacteria or other organisms that can destroy or inhabit the growth of other microorganism.

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4
Q

Examples of Fungi

A

Ring worm

Athlete’s foot

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5
Q

Antibodies

A

A type of protein, produced by B lymphocytes in the blood, in response to an antigen. Antibodies attach to antigens to render them harmless or attract phagocytes to destroy the antigen.

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6
Q

Disinfectant

A

Inhibits the growth of disease causing microorganism. Used on tools, tables, floor ect.

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7
Q

Spirilla

A

Spiral shaped bacteria

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8
Q

Disease

A

Any condition that affects the ability of any of the bodies systems to function correctly

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9
Q

Protozoans examples

A

Malaria

Toxoplasmosis

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10
Q

Streptobacillus

A

Rod shaped

Few connected together

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11
Q

Cocci

A

Single circle

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12
Q

Contagious

A

Transmitted by direct or indirect contact

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13
Q

Quarantine

A

Enforced isolation or restricted of free movement to prevent the spread of contagious disease.

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14
Q

Antiseptic

A

Capable of preventing infection by inhabiting the growth of microorganism.

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15
Q

Immunity

A

The ability of an organism to resist disease by the activity of antibodies produced by natural exposure, inoculation or from breast milk.

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16
Q

Vaccination

A

Inoculation with a vaccine in order to protect against a particular disease.

17
Q

Epidemic

A

An outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely.

18
Q

Examples of Viruses

A

AIDS

Influenza

19
Q

Infectious

A

Disease caused by pathogens that can be caught.

20
Q

Non-infectious

A

Disease caused by pathogens and cannot be caught.

21
Q

Staphylococcus

A

Clumped circles of bacteria

22
Q

Size of pathogens in ascending order

A 
Prions
Viruses
Bacteria
Protozoans
Fungi
Macro parasites
23
Q

Examples of prions

A

Mad cow disease
Kuru
Insomnia

24
Q

Allergen

A

A substance that triggers an abnormal reaction of the immune system that occurs in response to a normally harmless substance

25
Q

Vaccine

A

A preparation of a weekend or dead pathogen that upon inoculation stimulates antibody production hence immunity against that particular pathogen.

26
Q

Antigen

A

Any substance that stimulates the production of antibodies

27
Q

Streptococcus

A

Circles in a line of bacteria

28
Q

Examples of macro parasites

A

Head lice

Fleas

29
Q

Examples of bacteria

A

Leprosy

Meningitis

30
Q

Vector

A

An organism that carries disease-causing microorganisms from one host to another

31
Q

Bacilli

A

Single rod shaped bacteria

32
Q

Killer T cells

A

Destroy cells that are infected by viruses or bacteria.

33
Q

Host

A

The organism on or in which another organism lives

34
Q

Non-contagious

A

Infectious diseases that require a special mode of transmission between hosts. A vector species, direct blood contact or sexual contact.

35
Q

B Lymphocytes

A

Produces antibodies against the pathogen

Memory B cells can quickly produce the antibody

36
Q

Edward Jenner

A

Discovered a vaccine for the smallpox when he noticed that milk maids got cowpox and therefore did no develop smallpox.

37
Q

Louis Pasteur

A

Discovered that old bacteria was too weak to cause disease but when you then injected the same chicken with fresh bacteria it was immune to it.

38
Q

Frank McEarlane Burnett

A

Proved that the contamination of vaccines was killing children not the vaccine itself. He developed an influenza vaccine and proved that myxomatosis did not effect humans.

39
Q

Professor Peter Doherty

A

He described the way the immune system recognises virus-infected cells.

Commerce (5 decks)

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