Science october 19 Flashcards

1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space

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2
Q

Substance

A

A single kind of matter that is pure

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3
Q

Element

A

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means

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4
Q

Atom

A

The smallest piece of an element

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5
Q

Molecule

A

Formed when groups of two or more atoms create chemical
bonds between one another.

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6
Q

Compound

A

pure substances, made from two or more elements

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7
Q

mixture

A

non pure substances, made of two or more substances

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8
Q

Mass

A

The amount of matter in an object

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9
Q

The Law of Conservation of Mass

A

Matter is not created nor is it destroyed during a chemical or
physical change

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10
Q

Energy

A

The ability to do work or cause change

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11
Q

Kinetic energy

A

Energy of moving things

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12
Q

Potential Energy

A

Energy that is stored in an object because of its position

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13
Q

Chemical change

A

when a substance is
transformed into a different substance.

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14
Q

Physical Change

A

Any change that alters the form or appearance of
matter.but doesn’t change that matter from one substance to another.

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15
Q

Difference between chemical and physical change

A

chemical changes the substance itself while physical changes the appearance of the substance.

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16
Q

name an example of physical change

A

solids melting into liquids

17
Q

whats the difference between a compound and a mixture.

A

mixtures are easily separated while compounds are more difficult

17
Q

Name an example of chemical change

18
Q

whats an example of a compound

19
Q

whats an example of a mixture

20
Q

what are some ways to separate a mixture

A

sifting,distillation, evaporation

21
Q

compare and contrast mass and weight

A

mass is the amount of matter, and weight is the measure of the force of gravity of an object

22
Q

What are the four states of matter and their properties

A

Solid-made of particles that are pushed together tightly
Liquids-the particles are further apart than solids
Gas-particles are the farthest apart
Plasma- is formed by superheating any of the other three states of
matter

23
Q

Understand the physical change cycle

A

solid->liquid->gas
Solids melt turning into liquids, Liquids evaporate turning into gases, Gases condense turning into liquids, Liquids freeze turning into solids

24
whats the difference between thermal energy and temperature
Temperature is a measure of the average energy of a random motion of particles in matter, and a measure of how much or how little the particles in a room are moving around
25
difference between endothermic and exothermic change.
endo-A change when energy is taken in Exo-A change when energy is given off
26
What are the five types of energy, how are they similar and different
Potential Energy-is stored in an object kinetic-energy of moving things chemical-is stored in chemical bonds electromagnetic-travels through space as waves electrical-electrical charge particles moving from one place to another
27
how are the particles of matter arranged in all four states of matter.
gas-spread out solid-particles pushed together liquid-further apart than solids plasma-positively charged ions and negatively charged particles
28
list all the types of energy
-potential -kinetic -chemical -electromagnetic -electrical