Science october 19 Flashcards
Matter
Anything that has mass and takes up space
Substance
A single kind of matter that is pure
Element
A pure substance that cannot be broken down into any other substance by chemical or physical means
Atom
The smallest piece of an element
Molecule
Formed when groups of two or more atoms create chemical
bonds between one another.
Compound
pure substances, made from two or more elements
mixture
non pure substances, made of two or more substances
Mass
The amount of matter in an object
The Law of Conservation of Mass
Matter is not created nor is it destroyed during a chemical or
physical change
Energy
The ability to do work or cause change
Kinetic energy
Energy of moving things
Potential Energy
Energy that is stored in an object because of its position
Chemical change
when a substance is
transformed into a different substance.
Physical Change
Any change that alters the form or appearance of
matter.but doesn’t change that matter from one substance to another.
Difference between chemical and physical change
chemical changes the substance itself while physical changes the appearance of the substance.
name an example of physical change
solids melting into liquids
whats the difference between a compound and a mixture.
mixtures are easily separated while compounds are more difficult
Name an example of chemical change
Rusting
whats an example of a compound
salt
whats an example of a mixture
soil
what are some ways to separate a mixture
sifting,distillation, evaporation
compare and contrast mass and weight
mass is the amount of matter, and weight is the measure of the force of gravity of an object
What are the four states of matter and their properties
Solid-made of particles that are pushed together tightly
Liquids-the particles are further apart than solids
Gas-particles are the farthest apart
Plasma- is formed by superheating any of the other three states of
matter
Understand the physical change cycle
solid->liquid->gas
Solids melt turning into liquids, Liquids evaporate turning into gases, Gases condense turning into liquids, Liquids freeze turning into solids
whats the difference between thermal energy and temperature
Temperature is a measure of the average energy of a random motion of
particles in matter, and a measure of how much or how little the particles in a
room are moving around
difference between endothermic and exothermic change.
endo-A change when energy is taken in
Exo-A change when energy is given off
What are the five types of energy, how are they similar and different
Potential Energy-is stored in an object
kinetic-energy of moving things
chemical-is stored in chemical bonds
electromagnetic-travels through space as waves
electrical-electrical charge particles moving from one place to another
how are the particles of matter arranged in all four states of matter.
gas-spread out
solid-particles pushed together
liquid-further apart than solids
plasma-positively charged ions and negatively charged particles
list all the types of energy
-potential
-kinetic
-chemical
-electromagnetic
-electrical
