SCIENCE MIDTERMS (GOODLUCK) Flashcards

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1
Q

this is the one one who study cosmology

A

cosmologists

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2
Q

origin of universe

A

cosmology

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2
Q

idea of collosal explosion

A

george gamow

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2
Q

cosmo came from the word ______

A

kosmos which means order

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3
Q

400,000 years

A

existence of cmb (cosmic microwave background)

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3
Q

logy came from the word____

A

logos which means study of

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3
Q

8.7 B years

A

formation of solar system

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4
Q

idea of expansion

A

georges lemaitre

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4
Q

father of bigbang theory

A

georges lemaitre

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4
Q

1B years

A

first galaxy

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4
Q

proves the expansion

A

edwin hubble

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5
Q

13.7 B years

A

recent life

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5
Q

expanding but the density is still the the same

A

steady state theory

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5
Q

400M years

A

first star

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5
Q

vacuum energy, blachole

A

cosmic inflation

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5
Q

helio means ___

A

sun

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6
Q

what are the 7 steps in scientific method

A
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6
Q

composed of hydrogen & helium

A

sun

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6
Q

the one who proves the helio centic model

A

galileo galilei

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6
Q

requires intelligence, imagination, and creativity

A

scientific method

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6
Q

what model is this: the sun is in the center

A

helio centic model

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7
Q

idea of helio centric

A

nicolaus copernicus

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7
Q

geo means ___

A

earth

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7
Q

what model is this: earth is in the center

A

geo centric model

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7
Q

idea of geo centric model

A

cladius ptolemy

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7
Q

biggest star in our solar system

A

sun

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7
Q

what are the four terrestrial planets

A

mercury, venus, earth, and mars

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8
Q

what are the four jovian planets

A

jupiter, saturn, uranus, and neptune

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9
Q

describe the panet mercury

A

it is the smallest planet, 88 earth days, has no moon

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9
Q

describe the planet venus

A

it is the hottest planet and no moon

10
Q

describe the planet earth

A

the only planet that permits life, venus and earth are called the sister panet

10
Q

describe the planet mars

A

red planet, has two moons which are deimos and phobos

11
Q

a region of space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter

A

asteroid belt

11
Q

describe the planet jupiter

A

four largest moon which are ganymede (biggest), callisto (dead moon), Io (volcanically active moon), europa (smallest)

12
Q

describe the planet saturn

A

it has 145 moons, prominent object in solar system

13
Q

describe the planet uranus

A

it has 11 inner rings and 4 outer rings (william shakspeare)

14
Q

describe the planet neptune

A

contains methane, it has 14 moons, the most distant planet from the sun

14
Q

describe the vortex theory

A

whirlpool-like motion, the one who proposed this theory is rene descartes

14
Q

suns collision with a giant comet

A

collision theory

15
Q

the one who proposed the vortex theory

A

rene descartes

15
Q

describe the nebular theory

A

giant cloud of gs and dust then it spin rapidly , pancake shaped like object, immanuel kant and pierre simon laplace

15
Q

what is eon, era, and period

A

eon is year, era is month, and period is week

16
Q

interval of time occupied

A

geaologic time scale

16
Q

what are the two eon

A

precambrian and phanerozoic eon

17
Q

what are the three era in precambrian eon

A

hadean, archean, proterozoic era

18
Q

what are the three era in phanerozoic

A

paleozoic, mesozoic, and cenozoic

19
Q

hades means ___

A

hell

19
Q

in what era in precambrian this happened : lots of ions, sky-orange, sea-green

A

archean era

20
Q

in what era in precambrian does this happened : living organisms

A

proterozoic

21
Q

in what era in phanerozoic eon does this happened : many fossils formed from sedimentary rocks, first animal succeed, and marine life developed

A

paleozoic

21
Q

in what era in phanerozoic eon does this happened : saw the formation of continents, and new bodies of water formed

A

mesozoic era

22
Q

in what era in phanerozoic eon is the recent life

A

cenozoic

23
Q

decribe the inner core

A

hottest, 6000C temp., solid, iron-nickle

23
Q

what are the two types of mantle

A

lower and upper mantle

23
Q

describe the outer core

A

4000-5000C temp., liquid

24
Q

lower mantle consist of what

A

asthenosphere

24
Q

upper mantle consist of what

A

lithosphere

25
Q

lithosphere consist of what

A

entire crust and upper mantle

26
Q

boundary is also called

A

discontinuity

27
Q

boundary of inner and outer core is called

A

lehmann discontinuity (inge lehmann)

27
Q

boundary of outer and lower mantle is called the

A

gutenberg discontinuity (beno discontinuity)

27
Q

boundary of upper mantle and crust is also called the

A

mohorovicic discontinuity (andrija mohorovicic)

28
Q

what are the four spheres

A

lithosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere, and atmosphere

29
Q

hydrosphere consist of what

A

96.5% water and 3.5% salt

30
Q

biosphere is also called

A

zone of life

31
Q

what are the five types of biosphere

A

dessert, forrest, grassland, aquatic, and tundra

31
Q

atmosphere consist of what

A

78% of nitrogen and 21% of oxygen

32
Q

what are the six types of atmosphere/layer

A

troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere, and ionosphere

33
Q

this protects us from UV radiation

A

troposphere

34
Q

this protects us from meteorites

A

mesosphere

34
Q

in this layer you can see the northern and southern lights

A

ionosphere

35
Q

what is in the northern lights

A

aurora borealis

36
Q

what is the southern ligths

A

aurora austalis