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Science Flash Cards 7th grade > Science flahscards week 3 > Flashcards

Science flahscards week 3 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is Evolution?

A

A physical change that takes place over time.

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2
Q

What is Adaptation?

A

An Adaptation is a beneficial change.

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3
Q

Do fish have a backbone?

A

Yes fish have a backbone

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4
Q

Whats a stimulus?

A

A signal that causes an organism to react in some way.

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5
Q

What is a response?

A

An organisms reaction to a stimulus.(All animal behaviors are caused by stimuli.)

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6
Q

what are two important functions of behavior?

A

Survival And reproduction.

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7
Q

What is an instinct?

A

Behavior without being taught.

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8
Q

What is learned behavior?

A

Change in behavior based on practice or experience.

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9
Q

What’s imprinting?

A

Newborn recognizes and follows the first moving object they see.

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10
Q

What is a conditioning stimulus?

A

A specific stimulus or response leads to a good or a bad outcome.

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11
Q

Whats a trial-and-error Learning?

A

repeated
practice that results in a reward and avoids
behaviors that result in a punishment.

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12
Q

what is an insight Learning?

A

using what you know
to solve a problem.using what you know
to solve a problem.

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13
Q

How do animals use communication?

A

animals use sounds,
scents, body movements to communicate.

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14
Q

What is Pheromone?

A

a chemical released by one
animal that affects the behavior of another
animal of the same species

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15
Q

What is Aggression?

A

a threatening behavior that
one animal uses to gain control over another
animal. Aggression is due to competition
over limited resources

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16
Q

What is Courtship Behavior?

A

behavior to prepare for
mating.

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17
Q

What is Group Behavior?

A

Group Behavior: beneficial for safety in
numbers and sharing (cooperation) in work,
food, water, shelter.

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18
Q

What is Circadian Rhythms?

A

behavior cycles that
occur over a day (e.g., awake/work daylight,
sleep night time).

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19
Q

What is Hibernation?

A

sleep/reduced activity during
winter in which the need for food has stopped.

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20
Q

What is Migration?

A

routine, seasonal journey of an animals from one place to another and back
again.

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21
Q

What is a organ?

A

different tissues but performs a specific function

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22
Q

What is an organ system?

A

group of different organs working together to perform a major (complex) function

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23
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

an organism’s internal environment is kept stable in spite of change in the external environment

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24
Q

What 5 functions of the skeleton?

A
  1. shape & support
  2. move (locomotion)
  3. protect organs
  4. produce blood cells
  5. store minerals
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25
Q

What is the vertebral column?

A

The Backbone

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26
Q

Whats a vertebrae?

A

A disc-like small bones separated by cartilage.

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27
Q

Whats joint?

A

where two bones come together; allows bones to move in different ways

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28
Q

Whats a immovable joint?

A

A joint that does not move.

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29
Q

What are ligaments?

A

tissue holding joints together;bone to bone

30
Q

Whats a cartilage?

A

Cushion

31
Q

Whats the movement of Hinge joints?

A

forward/backward; ex: knee, elbow

32
Q

Whats the movement of Ball & socket joint?

A

free movement; ex: shoulder, hip

33
Q

Whats the movement of Pivot Joint?

A

side to side rotation; ex: neck.

34
Q

Whats the movement of Gliding joint?

A

sliding motion; ex: wrist, ankle.

35
Q

Whats Bone Structure?

A

trabecular or spongy bone because it looks a bit like sponge. Bone marrow is found in the “holes” of the spongy bone.

36
Q

What is an involuntary Muscles?

A

not under conscious
control.

37
Q

What is an voluntary Muscle?

A

under conscious
control.

38
Q

What are striated muscles?

A

Muscles with lines.

39
Q

What are Nonstriated Muscles?

A

Muscles with no lines.

40
Q

What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?

A

Skeleton Muscle
Cardiac Muscle
Smooth muscle

41
Q

What are skeleton muscles?

A

attached to and moves
bones of the skeleton

42
Q

What are cardiac muscle?

A

makes up the thick middle layer of the heart.

43
Q

What are smooth muscles?

A

an involuntary, non-striated muscle.

44
Q

Whats an tendon?

A

attached muscle to bone

45
Q

Do muscles work in pairs?

A

Yes.

46
Q

what are sweat glands?

A

produce perspiration

47
Q

What are oil glands?

A

Waterproof hair and keeps skin moist.

48
Q

What are hair follicles?

A

Site of hair growth.

49
Q

What is absorbtion?

A

nutrient molecules pass through wall of
small intestine into bloodstream

50
Q

Whats digestion?

A

breakdown food into nutrient
molecules.

51
Q

What does the mouth do?

A

digestion begins; saliva contains
water, DNA, enzymes (which breaks down
starches). Teeth physically breaks down food.

52
Q

What are the teeth types?

A

incisors: cut into pieces

canines: tear, slash into pieces

molars: crush and grind into powder

53
Q

Whats Enzyme?

A

protein that speed up chemical
reactions

54
Q

Whats the function of the esphoagus?

A

muscular tube connecting
mouth to stomach.

55
Q

Whats the function of Epiglottis:?

A

flap (sheet) of tissue which
seals off trachea (windpipe) to lungs.

56
Q

Whats the function of Peristalsis:?

A

involuntary muscular
contractions that push food toward
stomach and through intestines.

57
Q

Whats the function of the stomach?

A

holds/stores food; where protein
breakdown begins:

58
Q

What is the function of HCL Acid?

A

chemical that breaks down solid
food into paste (chyme); kills bacteria

59
Q

What is mucus?

A

covers stomach wall which
protects stomach against ulcers (= holes in
stomach wall)

60
Q

what are stomach cells?

A

are quickly replaced if
damaged or worn.

61
Q

what is the liver function?

A

breaks down medicine and alcohol
(poisons, toxins)

removes nitrogen

produces bile

62
Q

What is bile?

A

breaks down medicine and alcohol
(poisons, toxins)

removes nitrogen

produces bile

63
Q

What the function of the pancreaus?

A

produces enzymes which
enter small intestine and chemically breaks down
fats, proteins and complex carbohydrates (starch).

64
Q

What is the large intestine?

A

contains good bacteria that produces Vitamin K
(clots blood)

65
Q

What is the rectum?

A

stores undigested solid waste

66
Q

What is the Anus?

A

muscular opening at end of rectum

67
Q

What is digestive juice?

A

HCL acid and pepsin
(enzyme).

68
Q

What is pepsin?

A

enzyme that breaks down protein.

69
Q

What is Chyme?

A

solid food is broken down into thick
liquid paste

70
Q

Whats the function of the small intestine?

A

break down food, absorb nutrients needed for the body, and get rid of the unnecessary components.

Science Flash Cards 7th grade (8 decks)

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