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Science Final Flashcards

1
Q

On a speed time graph, a line with a negative slope indicates that the object is

A

Slowing down

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2
Q

The combination of all of the forces acting on an object is called the

A

Net force

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3
Q

If the net force acting on a stationary object is zero, the object will

A

Remain at rest

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4
Q

Give an example of unbalanced forces acting on an object

A

Tug-of-war, with one team winning

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5
Q

Give an example of balanced forces acting on an object

A

A leaf lying on the grass

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6
Q

Name 3 ways to describe the force of friction

A

Lubricant, smooth surfaces, wheels

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7
Q

The SI unit for speed is?

A

M/s

Meters per second

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8
Q

Define static friction

A

Friction between stationary objects

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9
Q

In order to keep the car from rolling downhill, the static friction must be

A

Equal to the force pulling it down

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10
Q

An object that changes position relative to a reference point is

A

In motion

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11
Q

The equation for average speed is

A

V=d/t

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12
Q

What is the difference between speed and velocity?

A

Velocity is both speed and direction

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13
Q

What is the difference between distance traveled and displacement?

A

Displacement must always indicate direction

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14
Q

Define acceleration

A

Change in velocity or speed overtime, speeding up, slowing down, direction change

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15
Q

What is negative acceleration

A

Slowing down

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16
Q

What is positive acceleration

A

Speeding up

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17
Q

The SI unit for acceleration is

A

M/s squared

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18
Q

What is centripetal acceleration, what happens

A

An object changes directions

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19
Q

The equation for average acceleration of straight line motion is

A

A= ^v/t= vf-vi/t

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20
Q

Gravitational force depends on what 2 factors

A

Mass of objects + distance between them

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21
Q

Which one, if greater, increases gravitational force

A

Mass

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22
Q

Which one, if greater, decreases gravitational force

A

Distance

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23
Q

Define Newton’s first law of motion

A

Inertia, every object maintains Constant velocity unless acted on by unbalanced force

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24
Q

Define Newton’s second law of motion

A

F=ma

The force acting on an object equals The objects mass times acceleration

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25
Define newtons 3rd law of motion
For every action force there is an equal+ opposite reaction force
26
Do action/reaction force pairs act on the same object
NO
27
Define the law of conservation of momentum
Momentum before crash equals momentum after crash
28
Define terminal velocity
When gravity + air resistance equalize on an object that is falling + the object stops accelerating
29
In the absence of air resistance, does mass affect downward acceleration
No
30
What is the acceleration due to gravity for all objects
9.8 m/s squared
31
Define inertia
Tendency of object to keep moving
32
Does mass affect inertia
Yes, more mass, greater inertia
33
1 Newton =
1 kg * m/s squared
34
If a equal force is applied to two objects, with equal masses, the acceleration will be
The same. F=ma
35
Does all matter exert A gravitational force
Yes
36
When an object is in freefall, the only force acting on it is
Gravity
37
Orbital motion is a combination of
Forward motion + free fall
38
What is the difference between weight and mass
Weight is a force of gravity on a given mass
39
How do we calculate weight on earth if given an objects mass
W=mg
40
How does an objects weight change if it is on the moon instead of earth?
Weighs less but has some Mass
41
Astronauts "float " in an orbiting space ship because they are
In free fall
42
Give an example of projectile motion
Darts
43
Momentum=
Mass * velocity
44
Define work
The transfer of energy to a body application of a force that causes the body to move in the direction of the force
45
What is the formula for work
W=Fd
46
What are the units for work
Joules
47
Define power
Rate at which work is done
48
What is the formula for power
P=w/t
49
What are the units for power
Watts
50
Define energy
Ability or capacity to do work
51
What are the units for energy
Joules
52
What is the formula for gravitational potential?
Pe=mgh (g= 9.8 m/s squared)
53
Define the law of conservation of energy
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
54
The primary source of the suns energy is
Nuclear fusion
55
Define the law of thermodynamics
Total energy in any process is conserved
56
Define convection
Transfer of energy by movements of fluids or gases with different temperatures
57
Define conduction
Transfer of energy as heat caused by the collision of molecules
58
Define radiation
How it differs from convection+conduction does not involve the movement of matter
59
Temperature is a measure of
Average kinetic energy
60
What are the 3 most common temperature scales
K F C Kelvin, Fahrenheit, Celsius
61
The Temperature at which all molecular motion stops is
Absolute zero
62
Define heat
Energy transferred between objects with different temperatures
63
Define specific heat
How much energy is required to raise an object temperature
64
Heat always moves from
Higher temperature to lower temperature
65
When energy is transformed, the amount of usable energy
Decreases
66
Give a example of a heat conductor
Iron metal
67
Give a example of a heat insulator
Foam
68
As kinetic energy increases, temperature
Increases
69
Convection currents rise in air because
Hot air rises, cold air sinks
70
Feeling the sensation of warmth is a result of the transfer of
Energy (as heat)
71
Electric current that periodically reverses its direction
Alternating current
72
What is the advantage of using a parallel circuit instead of a series circuit
Parallel has multiple paths for a current
73
Two positive charges will ----- One another. A positive and a negative charge will ------ one another
Repel, attract
74
What does it mean if a circuit is open? Closed?
Open, electrons cannot flow. Closed, electrons can flow
75
A material which opposes the flow of electrons and slows current
Resister
76
The rate at which charges move through an electrical conductor
Current
77
The potential difference that essentially "pushes "electrons through a circuit
Voltage
78
Electrons always move from
Negative to positive

Geography (9 decks)

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