Science Exam Questions

Question 1

What is the charge of an atom that gains 3 electrons to fill its outer shell?

Answer 1

3-

Question 2

What is the formula for the covalent molecule oxygen gas?

Answer 2

O2

Question 3

What is the formula for the ionic compound sodium chloride?

Answer 3

NaCl

Question 4

What is the formula for the ionic compound magnesium chloride?

Answer 4

MgCl2

Question 5

What is the type of reaction when octane reacts with oxygen to produce CO2 and H2O?

Answer 5

Combustion Reaction

Question 6

What is the greenhouse effect?

Answer 6

The process of the Earth’s atmosphere trapping the Sun’s heat.

Question 7

What are human activities that have added to the greenhouse effect?

Answer 7

Activities such as deforestation and burning fossil fuels.

Question 8

What is melting sea ice?

Answer 8

One of the main causes of rising sea levels.

Question 9

What is a light-year?

Answer 9

The distance it takes for light to travel in one year.

Question 10

What is a nebula?

Answer 10

The first stage in a star’s life cycle.

Question 11

What is stellar parallax?

Answer 11

The process for measuring the distance to a star.

Question 12

What is fusion?

Answer 12

The process of hydrogen turning into helium as a star is burning.

Question 13

What is the result of sideways or horizontal movements of air due to pressure differences?

Answer 13

Wind

Question 14

What term explains the impact of the Earth’s rotation on the direction of air or water
movement?

Answer 14

the Coriolis effect

Question 15

What is the ocean conveyer belt?

Answer 15

the movement of water in the ocean

Question 16

Which of Earth’s spheres describes all the water contents of Earth?

Answer 16

Hydrosphere

Question 17

What does ‘greenhouse gas’ mean?

Answer 17

An atmospheric gas that absorbs solar radiation and emits it as infrared or thermal energy

Question 18

Causes of climate change in the last 2000 years

Answer 18

industrialisation, melting of the polar ice caps, agriculture,
invention of cars and electricity generation.

Question 19

Why are animals that live in the polar regions of the Earth (the Arctic or Antarctic) at great risk
due to climate change.

Answer 19

As the polar ice caps melt, less land will be available for animals living there. The polar regions
also experience the most extreme rises in temperature due to global warming.

Question 20

Why is the equator hotter?

Answer 20

The equator gets more direct sunlight than anywhere else on Earth. Therefore, it absorbs more heat and is warmer.

Question 21

What are rows of the periodic table called?

Answer 21

Periods

Question 22

What does the atomic number show?

Answer 22

the number of protons in the nucleus of each atom of that element

Question 23

What is the set of 10 groups from group 3 to group 12?

Answer 23

Transition metals

Question 24

What is the group number of Alkaline Earth elements?

Answer 24

Group 2

Question 25

What is the group number of halogens?

Answer 25

Group 17

Question 26

What is the group number of noble gases?

Answer 26

Group 18

Question 27

What is the group number of alkali metals?

Answer 27

Group 1

Question 28

the key characteristic of metals that allows them to conduct electricity in the solid state

Answer 28

Metals have a structure that contains free moving delocalised (outer shell) electrons.This allows for charged particles (the electrons) to move and electricity to flow.

Question 29

An element with a full valence shell cannot react with other elements: true or false?

Answer 29

True

Question 30

What is a catalyst?

Answer 30

a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction

Question 31

Which element has this electron configuration, 2,8,2?

Answer 31

Magnesium

Question 32

Factors that will affect the rate of a chemical reaction.

Answer 32

temperature, concentration, surface area, stirring, catalyst

Question 33

What is required for a chemical reaction to take place with particles?

Answer 33

Particles must collide in the correct orientation and with sufficient energy.

Question 34

What makes up nebulae clouds?

Answer 34

Hydrogen

Question 35

Define Event Horizon

Answer 35

The event horizon is the boundary around a black hole at which no light or matter can escape.