Science Exam

Question 1

An atom that is charged because it has an unequal number of electrons and protons

Answer 1

Ion

Question 2

A positively charged ion that results from an atom losing electrons

Answer 2

Cation

Question 3

A negatively charged ion formed when an atom gains electrons

Answer 3

Anion

Question 4

A bond between a negatively charged anion and a positively charged cation, between a metal and a non metal

Answer 4

Ionic Bond

Question 5

A bond formed when two or more atoms share electrons

Answer 5

Covalent Bond

Question 6

Atoms prefer to have eight electrons in the valence shell

Answer 6

Octet rule

Question 7

An ion that is charged that has two or more atoms that are bonded

Answer 7

Polyatomic Ion

Question 8

An electron in a molecule that can easily move between atoms

Answer 8

Delocalised Electron

Question 9

A metal loses electrons, metal atoms are kept together

Answer 9

Metallic Bond

Question 10

A + B -> AB

Answer 10

Synthesis Reaction

Question 11

AB->A+B

Answer 11

Decomposition Reaction

Question 12

CxHy + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

Answer 12

Combustion Reaction (Formula)

Question 13

A + BC -> AC + B

Answer 13

Single Displacement

Question 14

AB + CD –> AD + CB

Answer 14

Double Displacement

Question 15

A solid, insoluble compound formed in a precipitation reaction

Answer 15

Precipitate

Question 16

A reaction used to produce solid products from solutions of ionic substances

Answer 16

Precipitation reaction

Question 17

An ion that doesn’t take part in a chemical reaction

Answer 17

Spectator Ion

Question 18

A substance containing a hydrogen that has the ability to donate a proton

Answer 18

Acid

Question 19

A substance that has the ability to accept a hydrogen proton

Answer 19

Base

Question 20

A base that dissolves in water

Answer 20

Alkali

Question 21

A solution that consists of a base dissolved in water

Answer 21

Alkaline Solution

Question 22

a substance that changes colour in the presence of an acid or a base

Answer 22

Indicator

Question 23

When molecules react with oxygen, forming a metal oxide

Answer 23

Oxidation

Question 24

Non-metals and oxygen produce large amounts of energy in the form of heat and light

Answer 24

Combustion (meaning)

Question 25

A molecule that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms

Answer 25

Hydrocarbon

Question 26

A long chain molecule formed by the joining of many smaller repeating molecules (monomers)

Answer 26

Polymer

Question 27

A small molecule from which polymers are made

Answer 27

Monomer

Question 28

Long single chains of polymers

Answer 28

Linear Polymer

Question 29

Long chains of polymers occasionally linked together like a ladder

Answer 29

Elastomer

Question 30

A reaction in water. Water is used to break down chemical bonds.

Answer 30

Hydrolysis Reaction

Question 31

How fast or slowly a reaction proceeds (e.g rust is a slow reaction, photosynthesis is a fast reaction)

Answer 31

Reaction Rate

Question 32

The energy an object or particle has due to it's motion

Answer 32

Kinetic Energy

Question 33

Periodic change in the Earth's climate (e.g. rising sea levels)

Answer 33

Climate Change

Question 34

The temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind on particular days in a particular place (e.g. 20 degrees today in Luxembourg)

Answer 34

Weather

Question 35

The weather conditions at a particular place, averaged over a long period of time, based on the collection and analysis of large data (e.g snow in the Northeast in January)

Answer 35

Climate

Question 36

Radiant electromagnetic energy from the sun (e.g. ultraviolet light)

Answer 36

Solar Radiation

Question 37

The influence of the Earth's rotation on the direction of movement of air and water

Answer 37

Coriolis Effect

Question 38

A line on a weather map that joins places that have the same air pressure

Answer 38

Isobar

Question 39

Measure of how much salt is dissolved in water

Answer 39

Salinity

Question 40

Continuous predictible directional movement of seawater driven by wind, water density, gravity

Answer 40

Ocean Currents

Question 41

Determined by salinity and temperature, drives ocean currents

Answer 41

Density of Water

Question 42

The apparent decrease in frequency (towards the red end of the spectrum) of light from galaxies that are moving away from the Earth

Answer 42

Red Shift

Question 43

The apparent increase in frequency (towards the blue end of the spectrum) of light from galaxies that are moving towards Earth

Answer 43

Blue shift

Question 44

The apparent change in wavelength (or frequency) when the source of the waves or the observer is moving; responsible for the red shift of distant stars

Answer 44

Doppler Effect

Question 45

A reaction in which two lighter atomic nuclei fuse to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy

Answer 45

Nuclear fusion

Question 46

A change in the apparent position of a star against its background when viewed from two different positions

Answer 46

Stellar Parallax

Question 47

A cloud of gas and dust in space

Answer 47

Nebula

Question 48

In relation to Earth's atmosphere: a state of stability, with upward forces balanced by downward forces

Answer 48

Hydrostatic Equillibrium

Question 49

A star that has become large and bright with a cool surface, because it has run out of hydrogen fuel

Answer 49

Red giant

Question 50

A glowing shell of gas formed when a star dies

Answer 50

Planetary Nebula

Question 51

A small hot star that forms when a small star (e.g. our sun) runs out of fuel and slowly fades and cools

Answer 51

White dwarf

Question 52

A remnant formed when a white dwarf star cools and gradually fades away

Answer 52

Black dwarf

Question 53

The explosive death of a star

Answer 53

Supernova

Question 54

a small highly dense star made mostly of neutrons

Answer 54

Neutron star

Question 55

Efforts that aim to reduce or prevent greenhouse gas emission

Answer 55

Climate change mitigation

Question 56

a region in space of infinite density where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from it

Answer 56

Black hole

Question 57

The theory that the universe began as a hot, dense, single point at some time in the past, and since then has expanded and will continue to expand into the future

Answer 57

Big Bang Theory

Question 58

A reaction that releases energy in the form of heat

Answer 58

Exothermic reaction

Question 59

A reaction that absorbs energy in the form of heat

Answer 59

Endothermic reaction

Question 60

A reaction in which an acid and a base combine to produce a metal, salt and water

Answer 60

Neutralisation