science exam - biology Flashcards
to pass the frickin exam
what are the similarities between plant and animal systems (3)
- both have a transport systems to move water and nutrients
- both need to exchange gasses with their surroundings
- both must be able to reproduce
what are the differnces between plant and animal systems (2)
- plants make their own food through photosynthesis because they cant move.
- they do not contain complex organ systems
what are the two body systems of typical floweirng plants
the root system and the shoot system.
what does the root system of a plant do
absorbs water and minerals from the soil and stores food
what does the shoot system of a plant do
conducts photosynthesis ans allows for sexual reproduction.
what is the chemical formula for photosynthesis?
carbon dioxide + water + light energy –chlorophyll-> oxygen + glucose
true of false: the fruit is a fertilized eggs that becomes the seed.
true. we eat apple children.
what are the types of tissue systems in plants
dermal, ground, and vascular
what are stem cells called in plants
meristimatic cells.
what are characteristics of plant cells (8)
large vacuoles, many chloroplasts, few mitochondria, cell wall on outside, cell membranes inside cell wall. ramen squiggles are chromosomes. no flagellum, and no centrioles.
what are characteristics of animal cells (6)
animal cells have a cell membrane, no chloroplasts, small vacuoles, some flagellum, and centrioles. they are roundish, where plant cells are square.
whats are in the respiratory system (7)
nose, nasal cavity, esophagus, trachea, lungs, aveoli, and diaphragm.
whats in the circulatory system (6)
lungs, veins, arteries, capillaries, blood, heart
whats in the digestive system (11)
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus, with liver, gall bladder, appendix, and pancreas
what are the stages of mitosis
PMAT prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
what is mitosis
the division of the nucleus
what is interphase
the state that a cell is in when it is not undergoing mitosis or cytokenesis… when it is not dividing.
what happens during prophase
centrioles move to opposite ends of the cell, nucleolus and nuclear membrane beak down like me and dissapear, hromatin condense and bcome chromosomes
what happens during metaphase
chromosomes line up in the center of the cell and spindle fibers grab onto them
what happens during anaphase
spindle fibers pull sister chromatids apart like ICE agents pulling immigrant children from their families. sister chromosomes become daughter chromosomes.
what happens during telophase
chromosomes uncoil back into chromatin. cytokenesis takes place, and cell becomes two.
how does the digestive system work
first, it goes through the mouth and is digested by mechanical and chemical digestion. then it is pushed down the esophagus and into the stomach where it is broken down by enzymes and bacteria is killed by hydrochloric acid. then it goes through the small intestine where nutrients are absorbed. then it goes through the large intestine where water and bio salts are removed. then it goes through the rectum and anus to poop.
how does the circulatory system work with the breathing system (cellular respiration)
oxygen is breathed into your lungs, where the oxygen becomes filtered into the bloodstream through avleoli that surround capilaries, which bring the blood to the heart in veins, before it gets pumped through the body from the heart in arteries. as the blood travels through th body it exchanges the oxygen for carbon dioxide, through the alveoli, before it gets pumped back into the heart in veins, finally returning to the lungs to restart the cycle.
what is the difference between climate and weather
weather is the temp and clouds and stuff for one day, climate is an average temp and precipitation for a region over the year.
