Science exam 2

Question 1

Definition of gene pool?

Answer 1

The collection of all the genes, including alleles, found in a population or species that reproduces is referred to as a gene pool.

Question 2

Natural selection?

Answer 2

Organisms that are well-suited to their environment are more likely to survive and have more offspring. This idea, known as natural selection, was fully explained by Charles Darwin and is considered the primary mechanism driving evolution.

Question 3

Evolution?

Answer 3

the process via which various living organism types are said to have evolved from previous forms throughout Earth’s history.

Question 4

Speciation?

Answer 4

the formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution

Question 5

Gene flow?

Answer 5

is any migration of people from one community to another, together with the genetic material they carry.

Question 6

Isolation?

Answer 6

the act of isolating oneself or being alone.

Question 7

Homologous structure?

Answer 7

a system, organ, or bodily portion that is shared by several different creatures.

Question 8

Analogous structure?

Answer 8

characteristics of several species that are not derived from a common ancestral trait and that are comparable in function but not always in form

Question 9

Vestigial Structure?

Answer 9

physical structures that have evolved from their ancestral state and are no longer functional, such as an organ, appendage, or cellular component.

Question 10

Convergent Evolution?

Answer 10

the process by which unrelated organisms independently develop comparable features in order to meet comparable needs.

Question 11

Transition Fossil?

Answer 11

any preserved living form that possesses characteristics shared by both an ancestral and a derived descendent group.

Question 12

Artificial selection?

Answer 12

the method by which people choose for breeding certain organisms with particular values for phenotypic traits.