Science: Circulatory system - ch.3.3

Question 1

4 functions of the circulatory system

Answer 1

• Carries nutrients and oxygen to cells
• Transports waste products to where they can be disposed of
• Distributes heat around the body
• Delivers hormones around the body

Question 2

3 types of blood vessels

Answer 2

Arteries, veins and capillaries

Question 3

Arteries

Answer 3

Carry blood away from the heart, to the rest of the body

Question 4

Walls of arteries

Answer 4

They are thick due to the amount of pressure

Question 5

Capillaries

Answer 5

• The walls are only one cell thick
• This allows materials to be exchanged between blood and body cells
• The finest of blood cells

Question 6

What happens in the capillaries?

Answer 6

The materials needed by the cell exit and the waste enters the capillary

Question 7

Veins + walls

Answer 7

• Carry blood back to the heart
• Lower pressure means they do not need thick muscular walls

Question 8

In veins, how is blood pushed back to the heart?

Answer 8

by the contractions of the muscles next to them

Question 9

What is the function of vein valves?

Answer 9

Valves ensure that blood cannot flow in the opposite direction by opening and closing

Question 10

When do vein valves open?

Answer 10

when the blood is flowing toward the heart

Question 11

When do vein valves close?

Answer 11

when the blood flows away

Question 12

Heart + blood flow in heart

Answer 12

• Blood enters the atrium and exits the ventricle
• Pumps blood

Question 13

Cardiac Muscle

Answer 13

Muscle in heart which does not tire.

Question 14

Septum

Answer 14

Thick wall dividing the heart into two halves.

Question 15

What is the function of the right heart pump?

Answer 15

Collects deoxygenated blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs

Question 16

Left Heart Pump function

Answer 16

Collects oxygenated blood from lungs and pumps it around the body (head, trunk, legs and arms)

Question 17

Oxygenated Blood

Answer 17

oxygen-rich blood

Question 18

Deoxygenated Blood

Answer 18

Blood with very little oxygen but lots of waste carbon dioxide

Question 19

The left ventricle

Answer 19

pumps oxygenated blood to the body

Question 20

The right ventricle

Answer 20

pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs

Question 21

The right atrium

Answer 21

Receives deoxygenated blood from the body

Question 22

The left atrium

Answer 22

receives oxygenated blood from the lungs

Question 23

Red blood cells

Answer 23

• Contains haemoglobin which gives blood their colour
• Carries oxygen around the body

Question 24

White blood cells

Answer 24

Part of the immune system that helps fight disease.

Question 25

Platelets

Answer 25

Helps clot blood

Question 26

Plasma

Answer 26

• 90% water
• 10% dissolved materials such as nutrients and waste