Science chpt 14 Flashcards
What are the two main differences between electricity and electronics?
1) electronic components: are made with semi-conductors, while electronic circuit are made with conductors.
2) size: electronic are miniature, less intensity
3) Electronics: circuit can be much more finely controlled
what is the difference between alternating current and direct current?
alternating: a current in which the electrons are moving back and forth
direct: a current in which the electrons are moving in the same direction continuously
what is the definition of an electrical function?
the role that a component plays in the control or transformation of electric current
What is the definition of a power supply?
1) a power supply is the electrical function performed by any components that can generate or provide an electrical current in a circuit
What are examples of a power supply? what are the advantages and disadvantages?
1) battery
- Applicance are portable
-need to be replaced after a certain time
-promotes pollution
2)Electrical outlet
-stable/long lasting power
- green energy
-appliances are not portable
- Power outages
3) Photovoltaic cell
-provides power to isolated area
-power portable devices
-long life span
what is conduction by definition?
is the electrical function performed by any component that can transmit electrical current from one part of a circuit to another
What items has the function of conduction?
electrical wires
what is insulation by definition?
the electrical function performed by any component that prevents an electric current from flowing
what are examples of insulators?
1) plastic
2) ceramics
3) rubber
what is protection by definition?
the electrical function preformed by any component that can automatically cut current flow in the event of a power surge
what are examples of items that provide protection?
1) fuses
2) breakers
what is the difference between fuses and breakers?
fuses; can only with-hold a certain amount of energy until it exceed and blows. then need to be replaced
breakers; can be reset as many times as necessary
what is a resistor by definition?
an component designed to limit the flow of electrons through an electrical circuit
what is control by definition?
is the electrical function preformed by any component that can close and or open a circuit
When the circuit is closed or open is the current flowing in a loop?
closed
what are the 4 types of switches
1) push-button switch
2) toggle switch
3) rocker switch
4) magnetic contact switch
what are the 4 types of switches (poles)
1) SPST switch (single pole, single throw)
2) SPDT switch (single pole, double throw)
3) DPST switch (double pole, single throw)
4) DPDT switch (double pole, double throw)
what is energy transformation by definition?
the electrical function preformed by any component that can transform one type of energy (electrical) into a different type of energy
what are examples of energy transformers?
1) incandescent light bulbs (electrical -> luminous) (ex; flashlight)
2) Heating elements (electrical -> thermal) (ex; ovens)
3) Piezoelectric crystals (electrical-> mechanical or sound) (ex; speaker)
4) electromagnets (electrical energy-> magnetic energy) (ex; tape recorder)
What is a capacitor by definition?
A device composed of two electrical surfaces separated by an insulating material
`what the ability to store energy in a capacitor called?
Farads
what a diode by definition?
is a device that allows electric current to flow in only one direction
what is a transistor by definition?
an electronic device used to block or amplify a electrical current
what are the parts of a transistor and how does current flow
1) collector
2) emitter
3) base
flows from collector to emitter to base
