Science Chemistry stuff yuck ew

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

A pure substance made up of one type of particle, or atom

Question 2

Compound

Answer 2

Pure substances that are made up of 2 or more elements

Question 3

Chemical Families(Groups)

Answer 3

A group of related elements

Question 4

Valence Electrons

Answer 4

The electrons in the outermost shell, or energy level, of an atom

Question 5

Periodic Table Rows

Answer 5

Periods

Question 6

Elements in the same group(family) have:

Answer 6

• Similar properties
• The same number of electrons in their outer shell(valence electrons)

Question 7

Standard Atomic Notation

Answer 7

did you get it?? you better have gotten it

Question 8

5 Chemical Families

Answer 8

Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Transition Metals
Halogens
Noble Gases

Question 9

Alkali Metals

Answer 9

• VERY reactive
• Reacts quickly in air and water
• Never found in nature in pure form

Question 10

Alkaline Earth Metals

Answer 10

• Not as soft as alkali metals
• Slightly less reactive than alkali metals

Question 11

Transition Metals

Answer 11

• Moderate range of reactivity
• They are shiny and are good conductors of heat and electricity

Question 12

Halogens

Answer 12

• MOST reactive non-metals
• Rarely found in elemental form

Question 13

Noble Gases

Answer 13

• Non Reactive(stable)
• Colourless, odourless, and tasteless
• Glow when electricity is passed through them

Question 14

Structure of an Atom

Answer 14

• The number of protons(+) and electrons(-) in an atom are EQUAL(neutral atom)
• The positive charges of the proton and negative charges of electrons cancel each other out, making each atom neutral(not positive or negative)

Question 15

Where is proton?

Answer 15

check urself idiot

Question 16

Where is electron?

Answer 16

IDK WHERE IS IT??

Question 17

Where is neutron?

Answer 17

Up ur MOM

Question 18

Nucleus

Answer 18

centre of the atom - holds all the mass

Question 19

How to find mass?

Answer 19

Protons and neutrons

Question 20

Where are electrons located?

Answer 20

Located in orbits outside of the nucleus(octet rule) of the atom.

Question 21

Max number of electrons each shell can hold

Answer 21

2
8
8
18

Question 22

What things are equal?

Answer 22

Number of protons and electrons in an atom is the same as the atomic number

Question 23

Calculating Neutrons

Answer 23

Neutrons = Atomic Mass - Atomic Number

Question 24

Atom

Answer 24

a neutral particle(has equal # of protons and electrons). It is the smallest particle that has properties of an element

Question 25

Anion

Answer 25

gaining electrons to become negative

Question 26

Cation

Answer 26

losing electrons to become positive

Question 27

Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams of the First 20 Elements

Answer 27

Remember it

Question 28

Lewis Dot Diagram

Answer 28

Only looks at valence electrons(outermost)

Question 29

Metals

Answer 29

- Electron losers - Gives away electrons - They become positive ions - Cations

Question 30

Non-Metals

Answer 30

- Electron gainers - Becomes negatively charged - Anions

Question 31

Bohr-Rutherford Ion Diagram

Answer 31

RMEMEBER

Question 32

Isotopes

Answer 32

When the amount of neutrons is different from usual which means the mass is differentE

Question 33

Example

Answer 33

Carbon is usually 6p and 6n, but sometimes carbon-14, where there are 6p and 8n, mass is 14

Question 34

Isotope Names

Answer 34

C-14 14-Carbon 14^C

Question 35

Dimitry Mendeleev

Answer 35

- made the periodic table - Russian Chemistry Professor - Suggested that the missing elements did exist but were not discovered yet

Question 36

J.J. Thompson

Answer 36

- Father of the electron - Plum pudding model (mostly positive with negative embedded)

Question 37

Ernest Rutherford

Answer 37

- Protons(+) are in the nucleus - Positive is in the middle, negative(electrons around it) - Big space

Question 38

Neils Bohr

Answer 38

- Electrons are found on the outside by they’re in levels(shells) so they don’t collapse - Are found in energy levels around the nucleus

Question 39

Chadwick

Answer 39

- Discovered the neutron - Hard to discover because proton is neutral unlike electrons and protons