Science: Chapter 1/section2: convection currents and the mantle

Question 1

what is heat transfer

Answer 1

movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object

Question 2

what are the 3 types of heat transfer

Answer 2

radiation, conduction and convection

Question 3

what is radiation

Answer 3

the transfer of energy through empty space. Sunlight is radiation that warms the earth’s surface

Question 4

what is conduction

Answer 4

heat transfer by direct contact of particles of matter. An example is heat transfer from a hot pot of water to a spoon

Question 5

what is convection

Answer 5

heat transfer by the movement of a heated fluid. It is caused by the temperature and density differences within a fluid

Question 6

what is density

Answer 6

a measure of how much mass in in a volume of a substance

Question 7

what is a convection current

Answer 7

the flow that transfers heat within a liquid. They can continue as long as heat is added to the liquid.

Question 8

what part of the Earth’s interior is like the soup in a pot and what part is like the burner of a stove

Answer 8

The asthenosphere) is like the soup pot- and the mantle is like the burner

Question 9

what happens to the density of a fluid when it becomes hotter

Answer 9

the density increases. Particles move faster when they are heated and spread apart.

Question 10

what happens to convection currents when a fluid reaches a constant temperature

Answer 10

the current will stop flowing

Question 11

what will happen to the flow of hot rock in the Earth’s mantle if the planets core eventually cools down

Answer 11

the earth might get really cold because heat would not be rising from the core