Science - ch 5,6,7 study Flashcards
single displacement reaction
A+BC–> AC+B
double displacement reaction
AB+CD–> CB+AD
decomposition reaction
AB–> A+B
synthesis reaction
A+B–> AB
combustion reaction
A+O–> AO
neutralization reaction
acid+base–> water+salt
what is a chemical change
occurs when there is a new substance
signs of chemical change
odur, bubbles
signs of physical change (examples)
change in size, reversible
change vs. properties
properties are characteristics that can be observed
what are chemical properties
examples:
characteristics that can be observed during a chemical reaction
EX. density, toxicity
what are physical properties
examples:
characteristics that can be observed without changing the substance
EX. colour, hardness
ionic compounds
- positive and negative charges in a compound
- electrons get traded
covalent compounds
- two or more negative charges in a compound
- electrons get shared
naming binary acids
always H in the front of the compound
- pronounced hydro
- ends with ide
naming oxyacids
contains polyatomic elements
“H” in front but does not pronounce hydro
- if the polyatomic ends with “ate” –> “ic”
- if the polyatomic ends with “ite” –> “ous”
naming bases
*has hydroxide at the end of compound (OH)
*pronounced (element) hydroxide
what are indicators
substances that change colour due to changes in pH value
what is pH
*measures how acidic or basic a substance is. goes from 0-14
*measures how many hydrogen ions there are
pH < 7 is more basic
pH > 7 is more acidic
pH = 7 is neutral
