Science, Bitch 🚀 Flashcards
1
Q
What is the difference between an independent variable and a dependent variable in an experiment?
A
- independent variable — variable
- that is — varied/manipulated
- by — the researcher
- dependent variable — response
- that is — measured
2
Q
Define population as it relates to research methods
A
- all — the individuals
- to which — the study applies
3
Q
What is a controlled experiment?
A
- experimental setup — designed
- to test — hypotheses
- has one — or more
- conditions — independent variables
- measures — dependent variables
4
Q
Define sample — as it relates to research methods
A
- subgroup — population
- that — constitutes
- participants — a study
5
Q
What type of sample — should be used in research?
A
- Larger sample — sizes
- are ideal — because they’re
- the most — representative
- of — the population
6
Q
sampling — error
A
- statistical error — occurs when
- an analyst — doesn’t select
- sample that — represents
- entire population — of data
- results found — sample
- don’t represent — the results
- that would be — obtained
- from the — entire population
- The amount — of difference
- between sample — population
7
Q
Define random selection — as it relates to research methods
A
- every individual — from a population
- has an — equal chance
- of being — chosen
- for — the sample
8
Q
Which individuals are — in the experimental group?
A
- subjects who — receive
- treatment — manipulation
- of the — independent variable
9
Q
Which individuals are — in the control group?
A
- subjects who — don’t receive
- any treatment — manipulation
10
Q
What process is used to ensure there are no preexisting differences between the control group and the experimental group?
A
- Random — assignment
- fairly — divides
- the sample — participants
- into the — two groups
11
Q
confounding variable
A
- a.k.a. — third variable
- any difference — between
- experimental/control — group
- besides — the effect
- independent — variable
- influencia — tanto
- variável — dependente/independent
- causando — associação espúria
12
Q
experimenter — bias
A
- refers to — the unintentional
- influence — the experimenter’s
- expectations — beliefs
- preconceived — notions
- on the — outcome of
- a study — research experiment
13
Q
Placebo — effect
A
- I WILL PLEASE — LATIN
- any treatment — has no
- active properties — sugar pill
- saline/water — injection
- even fake — surgical procedure
- there are many — clinical trials
- where a person — who has taken
- the placebo — has reported
- an improvement — symptoms
- belief in — a treatment
- may be enough — to change
- the course — of a person’s
- physical/mental — illness
14
Q
IMPURE — PLACEBO
A
- MEDICATIONS — THAT HAVE
- ACTIVE EFFECT — BODY
- BUT NOT — ON THE
- CONDITION — BEING TREATED
15
Q
HOW DO — PLACEBOS WORK
A
- SELF-LIMITING — DISORDERS
- REMISSION
- CHANGE — IN BEHAVIOR
- ALTERED — PERCEPTION
- REDUCED — ANXIETY
- BRAIN — CHEMICALS
- ALTERED — BRAIN STATE
- CHARACTERISTICS — PLACEBO
- THE PERSON’S — ATTITUDE
- DOCTOR-PATIENT — RELATIONSHIP
