science ahahah Flashcards
is a genetic mix between 2 individuals who have homozygous genotypes, or genotypes that have completely dominant or recessive alleles
monohybrid cross
the offspring having 2 contrasting traits is called a
hybrid
id a cross between 2 different line/genes that differ in two observed traits. We compare two different characteristics in this croos
dihybrid cross
threadlike structures made of protein and a single molecule of DNA that serve to carry the genomic information from cell to cell
chromosomes
are physical or behavioral characteristics of an organism
biological traits
father of genetics
gregor johann mendel
genetically passes down from parent to offspring
inherited
influenced by experience or the environment
acquired
is a sequence of dna or rns
gene
long strands of genetic info
most visible
found inside a nucleus of a cell
combination of dna and histone
chromatid
deoxyribonucleic acid
blueprint of life
what is a gene?
segments of dna and basic unit of heredity
what do our genes do?
genes determine the trait we have
dna
composed of 2 chains
is an anuefloidy of the sex chromosomes in which a human male receives
XYY syndrome
enumerate 3 laws of genetics
-law of dominance
-law of segregation
-law of development assortment
he created the punnett square
reginald crundall punnett
used to predict the offspring phenotype
punnett square
in 2 different alleles, dominant trait will mask the recessive trait
law of dominance
AA
homozygous dominant
Aa
heterozygous
aa
homozygous recessive
parents with 2 alleses for a gene will pass on one allele to each offspring
law of segregation
two or more traits are inherited separately
law of independent assortmentnn
doesnt follow according to mendels laws
non mendelian inheritance
one allele is partially dominant over another allele resulting to blending of characteristics
incomplete dominance
one alle is neither dominant over the other allele resulting in full trait expression
codominance
more than 2 alleles control over 1 gene
multiple alleles
located on x,y chromosomes
sex-linked traits
observed mostly in one sex
sex- influenced traits
exoressed only in one sex
sex-limited traits
is a path. the way something goes arounf an object in space
orbit
a tiny particle comprises waves of electromagnetic radiation
photon
indivisible
atom
stationary state of lowest energy
ground state
when an electron temporarily occupies an energy state grater than its ground state
excited state
negative charge subatomic particle
