science 7th vocab Flashcards
Radiation
The transfer of energy that is carried in rays like light.
Conduction
Heat transfer between materials that are touching.
Convection
Heat transfer by the movement of a fluid.
Density
A measure of how much mass there is in a given volume of a substance.
Convection Current
The flow that transfers heat within a fluid.
System
A group of parts that work together as a whole.
Energy
The ability to do work.
Atmosphere
Relatively thin envelope of gases that forms Earth’s outermost layer.
Geosphere
Has three main parts: a metal core, a solid middle layer, and a rocky outer layer.
Hydrosphere
Contains all of Earth’s water.
Biosphere
The parts of Earth that contain living organisms.
Constructive Force
Shapes the land’s surface by building up mountains and other landmasses.
Destructive Force
Destroy and wear away landmasses through processes like erosion and weathering.
Seismic Waves
Occurs when earthquakes occur.
Pressure
Force pressing on an area.
Crust
The layer of rock that forms Earth’s outer skin.
Basalt
Dark, fine-grained rock
Granite
A rock that is usually a light color and has coarse grains.
Mantle
A layer of hot rock.
Lithosphere
The crust and uppermost mantle.
Asthenosphere
The upper layer of the Earth’s mantle.
Outer Core
A layer of molten metal surrounding the inner core.
Inner Core
A dense ball of solid metal.
Force
A natural power that acts on an object.
Gravity
The force that makes objects fall toward Earth’s center.
Particle
A very small fragment of a much larger object.
Water evaporates from the ocean, rises into the atmosphere, and then falls from the sky as rain.
Water Cycle
Magma
Molten, or lava that will come out of volcanoes and harden on the ground and turn to rock.
Sediment
Particles that settle at the bottom of the ocean.
Rock Cycle
The flow of rock through the Earth System.
Feedback
Occurs when a system returns (feeds back) to itself data about a change in the system.
Fossils
Remains of ocean animals such as ammonites.
Plate Tectonics
The slow movement of Earth’s plates.
Mesosphere
The result of increasingly high pressure.
