science Flashcards
The passing of genetic traits from parent to offspring
heredity
The trait observed in the first generation when parents that have different traits are bred
dominant trait
A trait that reappears in the second generation after disappering in the first generation when parents with different traits are bred
recessive trait
One set of instructions for an inherited trait
gene
One of the alternative form of a gene that governs a characteristics such as hair color
allele
An organisms apperence or other detectable characterristic
phenotype
The entire gentic makeup of an organism also the combintion of genes for one or more specific traits
genotype
The liklihood that a possible future event will occur in any given instace of the event
probility
A procces in cell division during which the number of chromosomes decreases to half the origional number by two divisions of the nucleus which results in the produtction of sex cells
meiosis
One of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of an individual
sex chromosomes
A diagram that shows the occurence of a genitic trait in several generations of a family
pedigree
Deoxyribonucleic acid a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contain the information that determens traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live
DNA
In a nucleic-acid chain a subni that consist of a suger a photohate and a nitroenous base
nucleotide
A change in the nucleoitde base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule
mutation
