natural selection science

Question 1

DNA

Answer 1

a molecule that is present in all living cells and that contains the information that determines the traits that a living thing inherits and needs to live.

Question 2

Nucleotide

Answer 2

in a nucleic-acid chain, a subunit that consists of a suger, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base.

Question 3

Natural selection

Answer 3

the process of which individuals that are better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well adapted individuals do; a theory to explain the mechanism of evolution.

Question 4

Adaptation

Answer 4

a characteristic that improves an individuals ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment

Question 5

Mutation

Answer 5

a change in the nucleotide-base sequence of a gene or DNA molecule

Question 6

Evolution

Answer 6

the process in which inherited characteristics within a population change over generations such as new species sometimes arise.

Question 7

Fossil

Answer 7

the remains or physical evidence of an organism preserved by geological processes.

Question 8

fossil record

Answer 8

a historical sequence of life indicated by fossils found in layers of the earths crust.

Question 9

Species

Answer 9

a group of organisms that are closely related and can mate to produce fertile offspring.

Question 10

Selective breeding

Answer 10

the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired characteristics.

Question 11

Speciation

Answer 11

the formation of new species as a result of evolution.

Question 12

Primate

Answer 12

a type of mammal characterized by opposable thumbs a binocular vision.

Question 13

Hominid

Answer 13

a type of primate characterized by bipedalism, relatively long lower limbs, and lack of a tail; examples include humans and their ancestors.

Question 14

Homo sapiens

Answer 14

the speices of hominids that includes modern humans and their closest ancestors and the first appeared about 100,000 to 150,000 years ago.

Question 15

Generation time

Answer 15

the period between birth of one generation and the birth of the next generation.

Question 16

Trait

Answer 16

a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person.

Question 17

Charles Darwin

Answer 17

a English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributations to the science of evolution.

Question 18

Rosalind Frank

Answer 18

Was a English chemist and xray crystallograther who made contibutions to the understanding of the molecular structers of DNA, RNA, viruses. coal, and graphite.

Question 19

Watson and Crick

Answer 19

Cambride university scientist James D. Watson and Francis H.C. Crick announce that they have determined the double heleix stucture.

Question 20

Charagaff’s rule

Answer 20

state that DNA from any cell of all organisms should have a 1:1 ratio of pyrimidine a purine bases and, more specifically, that the amount ig guanine is equal to cytocine and the amount of adenine is equal to thymine.