Science 6 Flashcards
have soft bodies and mantles; mantle sometimes forms a shell
mollusks
segmented worms; may have setae
annelids
radial symmetry; tube feet; live in the water
echinoderms
The type of symmetry having two identical sides when divided down the middle is called _________________ symmetry.
bilateral
A tiny stinging organelle found on some animals is called a/an __________.
nematocyst
The type of symmetry having body parts that repeat around a central part is called __________ symmetry.
radial
An animal is a/an __________ __________ if it eats organisms that float through the water.
filter feeder
A/an ______________________ organism has the ability to exist independent of another organism.
free-living
A/An ___________________ lives on or in another living organism (host) and depends on the host for food.
parasite
The organisms in most animal phyla are called __________ because they do not have backbones.
invertebrates
All arthropods have __________.
A. jointed legs, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton
B. 3 pairs of legs, 3 body parts, and wings
jointed legs, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton
Arthropods molt because __________.
A. they are active at night
B. they outgrow their exoskeleton and grow a new one
they outgrow their exoskeleton and grow a new one
Arthropods with many body segments and many pairs of legs may be either __________.
A. centipedes or millipedes
B. arachnids or crustaceans
centipedes or millipedes
Spiders and ticks are examples of __________.
arachnids
__________ are examples of crustaceans.
A. Mites and scorpions
B. Crabs and shrimp
Crabs and shrimp
The stages of __________ metamorphosis are egg, nymph, and adult.
A. incomplete
B. complete
incomplete
has 5 pairs of legs, has 2 pairs of antennae, breathes through gills, and most have a claw
crustacean
has 2 body segments and 8 legs
arachnid
has 3 body segments, 3 pairs of legs, and most have wings
insect
warm-blooded animal with feathers
bird
warm-blooded animal with hair; feeds its young with milk
mammal
cold-blooded animal with scaly skin; lays eggs on land
reptile
cold-blooded animal with smooth skin; spends part of its life in water and part on land
amphibian
cold-blooded animal that breathes through gills; skeleton is made of cartilage or bone
fish
The __________ is the only mammal that can fly.
bat
Mammals called _________________ lay eggs.
monotremes
A fatty layer called ________________ insulates some animals.
blubber
Animals that eat only plants are called _____________________.
herbivores
Animals are _______________ if they are active during the night.
nocturnal
plants with roots and tubelike structures that transport water, food, and nutrients
vascular
plants that have rhizoids and that absorb water through their leaves
nonvascular
ferns and horsetails grow from these underground stems
rhizomes
leafy branches of a fern
fronds
thin rootlike structures of mosses
rhizoids
Which plant is nonvascular?
A. conifer
B. fern
C. moss
moss
Which plant is a seedless vascular plant?
A. conifer
B. fern
C. moss
fern
Which type of plant produces seeds that usually develop inside a cone?
A. angiosperm
B. gymnosperm
C. moss
gymnosperm
Which type of plant produces flowers and fruit?
A. angiosperm
B. gymnosperm
C. liverwort
angiosperm
What protects a broken pine branch from disease and insects?
A. rhizome
B. rhizoid
C. resin
resin
[True or False]
Cotyledons are tiny seed leaves of the plant embryo that contain stored food for the seed.
True
[True or False]
Most monocots have taproots and woody stems.
False
[True or False]
Dicots have long, narrow leaves with parallel veins.
False
[True or False]
Roots absorb water and nutrients, affect the size and health of the plant, and help to anchor the plant in the soil.
True
describes angiosperms that can live for three or more years
perennial
arranged in a circle in a dicot’s stem
vascular tissue
describes angiosperms that need two growing seasons to fully develop
biennial
describes a seed with only one cotyledon
monocot
describes angiosperms that live for only one growing season
annual
describes a seed with two cotyledons
dicot
layer of cells that reproduce to make more xylem and phloem, allowing the plant to grow wider each year
cambium
tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the top of the plant
xylem
tubes that carry sugars and foods throughout the plant
phloem
many thin roots that spread out in all directions
fibrous roots
root that continues to grow straight down into the soil and may have other roots branching off of it
taproot
the grouping of tubes that carry water and food to all parts of the plant
vascular bundles
What are the two jobs of a stem?
A. to provide support
B. shade the roots
C. to transport water, food, and nutrients
A. to provide support
C. to transport water, food, and nutrients
What are two things we can learn from looking at tree rings?
A. the age of tree
B. the health of tree
C. the height of tree
A. the age of tree
B. the health of tree
vertical columns of the periodic table
groups
center part of an atom
nucleus
has a positive charge; located in the nucleus
proton
horizontal rows of the periodic table
periods
has a negative charge; travels around the nucleus
electron
smallest piece of an element that can be recognized as that element
atom
has no charge; located in the nucleus
neutron
The number of protons plus neutrons is the atom’s approximate __________.
A. atomic number
B. atomic mass
C. atomic model
D. atomic nucleus
atomic mass
Dmitri Mendeleev developed the periodic table of the elements, which __________ elements.
A. weighs
B. alphabetizes
C. measures
D. classifies
classifies
Abbreviations for the names of elements are chemical __________.
A. shells
B. periods
C. symbols
D. families
symbols
formed when atoms combine
molecule
molecules formed from two or more different elements
compound
symbols and numbers abbreviating the name of a compound
chemical formula
an atom that has gained or lost electrons
ion
a reaction in which molecules combine to form a new substance
synthesis reaction
the process in which different types of atoms join and form a new substance
chemical change
a reaction in which a compound is broken down into simpler compounds
decomposition reaction
Atoms bond with other atoms to complete their outer __________.
shells
The atoms share __________ in a covalent bond.
electrons
An ionic bond forms when positively and negatively charged ions __________ each other.
attract
What can burn or corrode?
A. an acid
B. a base
C. both an acid and a base
an acid
What changes colors of an indicator?
A. an acid
B. a base
C. both an acid and a base
both an acid and a base
What has a bitter taste?
A. an acid
B. a base
C. both an acid and a base
a base
What has a sour taste?
A. an acid
B. a base
C. both an acid and a base
an acid
What is slippery?
A. an acid
B. a base
C. both an acid and a base
a base
[True or False]
Acids that dissolve in water are called alkalis.
False
[True or False]
A neutral solution is neither acidic nor basic.
True
[True or False]
The pH scale is used to determine neutral solutions of a substance.
False
[True or False]
Hydrogen ions form when acids are dissolved in water.
True
[True or False]
A reaction between an acid and a base can form a salt.
True
https://pasteboard.co/JPN3ubl.png
The 1 on the diagram is pointing to a(n) __________.
electron
https://pasteboard.co/JPN3ubl.png
The 2 on the diagram is pointing to a(n) __________.
proton
https://pasteboard.co/JPN3ubl.png
The 3 on the diagram is pointing to a(n) __________.
neutron
https://pasteboard.co/JPN3ubl.png
The 4 on the diagram is pointing to the __________.
nucleus
a substance; only one kind of atom
element
the smallest piece of an element that can be recognized as that element
atom
the study of matter—what it is made of, what its usual characteristics are, how it reacts to other matter
chemistry
an atom that has gained or lost electrons
ion
the process in which different types of atoms join and form a new substance
chemical change
based on the number of protons in the nucleus
atomic number
chemical symbols and numbers abbreviating the name of a compound
chemical formula
an ionic compound produced from a reaction between an acid and a base
salt
Are lemons, vinegar, and tomato juice examples of acids or bases?
A. acids
B. bases
acids
What is slippery to the touch?
A. an acid
B. a base
a base
What has a sour taste?
A. an acid
B. a base
an acid
What can burn and be corrosive?
A. an acid
B. a base
an acid
What has a bitter taste?
A. an acid
B. a base
a base
Are baking soda, soap, and bleach examples of acids or bases?
A. acids
B. bases
bases
The sum of the number of protons and neutrons results in an atom’s approximate __________.
A. pH scale
B. electrons
C. atomic number
D. atomic mass
atomic mass
Scientist __________ developed a simplified model of an atom.
A. Niels Bohr
B. Dmitri Mendeleev
C. Ernest Rutherford
D. Robert Boyle
Niels Bohr
The scientist __________ developed the periodic table of the elements.
A. Niels Bohr
B. Dmitri Mendeleev
C. Ernest Rutherford
D. Robert Boyle
Dmitri Mendeleev
When positively and negatively charged ions attract each other they form a(n) __________.
A. indicator
B. neutron
C. ionic bond
D. covalent bond
ionic bond
In a(n) __________ atoms share electrons.
A. element
B. salt
C. ionic bond
D. covalent bond
covalent bond
A __________ reaction occurs when a compound is broken down into simpler compounds.
A. synthesis
B. replacement
C. decomposition
D. combustion
decomposition
The compound H2CO3 has __________ atom(s) of carbon in it.
A. one
B. two
C. zero
D. three
one
You can determine the concentration of acids or bases in a solution by using __________.
A. a salt
B. the pH scale
C. the periodic table of elements
D. a particle accelerator
the pH scale
A substance that changes color when exposed to acid or base solutions is called a(n) __________.
A. salt
B. ion
C. molecule
D. indicator
indicator
https://pasteboard.co/JPN73xs.png
Use the diagram to match each part of a periodic cell with the correct label.
1 = ?
atomic number
https://pasteboard.co/JPN73xs.png
Use the diagram to match each part of a periodic cell with the correct label.
2 = ?
element nature
https://pasteboard.co/JPN73xs.png
Use the diagram to match each part of a periodic cell with the correct label.
3 = ?
chemical symbol
https://pasteboard.co/JPN73xs.png
Use the diagram to match each part of a periodic cell with the correct label.
4 = ?
atomic mass
The element copper has 29 protons, so it has __________ (how many?) electrons
29
What material does not allow electricity to flow through it?
A. an insulator
B. a resistor
an insulator
What circuit has multiple paths through which electricity can flow?
A. parallel
B. series
parallel
What circuit has only one path through which electricity can flow?
A. parallel
B. series
series
What material reduces the flow of electricity?
A. conductor
B. resistor
resistor
What material allows electricity to flow through it easily?
A. conductor
B. insulator
conductor
The ___________ is a measurement of the amount of electrical push, or force, in a circuit.
volt
The ___________ is the unit that measures power, or how fast work is done.
watt
A/an ____________ is a liquid or paste substance that conducts electricity.
electrolyte
A power source called a/an ____________ contains one or more electric cells.
battery
[True or False]
The strength of an electromagnet may be affected by the size and shape of its core.
True
[True or False]
The flow of electricity can produce a magnet, and a magnet moving around or in wire can produce electricity.
True
[True or False]
William Sturgeon discovered that a current traveling through a wire produces a weak magnetic field in the live wire.
False
[True or False]
Magnetic force is strongest at the center of a magnet.
False
[True or False]
Joseph Henry and Michael Faraday discovered that moving a magnet around or through a loop of wire produces electricity in the wire.
True
uses a magnet to convert motion into electrical energy
generator
what opposite poles do when brought near each other
attract
a coil of wire with a core attached to an electrical source
electromagnet
any material that has the ability to attract iron
magnet
what the same poles do when brought near each other
repel
eats mainly insects
insectivore
eats both plants and animals
omnivore
eats other animals
carnivore
eats plants only
herbivore
An __________ has three body segments and three pairs of legs.
insect
An arthropod with two body segments and eight legs is an __________.
arachnid
An arthropod with five pairs of legs and a claw is a __________.
crustacean
A __________ has many body segments and many legs.
centipede
Amphibians, fish, and reptiles are __________ animals.
cold-blooded
Birds and mammals are __________.
warm-blooded
1st step of a butterfly’s metamorphosis
egg
2nd step of a butterfly’s metamorphosis
larva or caterpillar
3rd step of a butterfly’s metamorphosis
pupa or chrysalis
4th step of a butterfly’s metamorphosis
adult
Jesse found a sea star at the beach. He knew it was __________ because it had radial symmetry and tube feet.
A. a mollusk
B. an echinoderm
C. a sponge
D. a flatworm
an echinoderm
Even though they look different, both an octopus and an oyster are ____________ because they have a soft body and a mantle.
A. mollusks
B. echinoderms
C. roundworms
D. arthropods
mollusks
A(n) ____ gets its food from water that flows through its body.
A. jellyfish
B. ostrich
C. sponge
D. crab
sponge
Animals such as earthworms are classified as ____ because they have segments and move by using setae.
A. annelids
B. roundworms
C. arthropods
D. mollusks
annelids
Shrimp and spiders are both considered to be ____ because they have jointed legs, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton.
A. annelids
B. mammals
C. echinoderms
D. arthropods
arthropods
[True or False]
Invertebrates are animals that have backbones.
False
[True or False]
Vertebrates can grow larger than invertebrates because they are warm-blooded.
False
[True or False]
The stages of incomplete metamorphosis are egg, nymph, and adult.
True
[True or False]
Animals that eat organisms that float through the water are called filter-feeders.
True
[True or False]
Monkeys and elephants use echolocation to find food.
False
[True or False]
Nematocysts are tiny stinging organelles found on some animals.
True
has feathers
bird
has smooth skin
amphibian
has hair
mammal
has scaly skin
reptile
What characteristic do most of the animal phyla have in common?
A. They are vertebrates.
B. They are warm-blooded.
C. They are invertebrates.
D. They have four legs.
They are invertebrates.
When plants are classified by how they transport water, scientists group them as
A. monocots or dicots
B. seedless or seed-bearing
C. vascular or nonvascular
D. angiosperms or gymnosperms
vascular or nonvascular
Which plant is not a vascular plant?
A. liverwort
B. club moss
C. horsetail
D. ginkgo
liverwort
Mosses and liverworts have small, rootlike structures called __________.
A. rhizomes
B. rhizoids
C. hyphae
D. tubers
rhizoids
___________ are vascular plants with tall, hollow, jointed stems.
A. Horsetails
B. Mosses
C. Liverworts
D. Ginkgoes
Horsetails
Ferns and horsetails grow from underground stems called __________.
A. rhizoids
B. hyphae
C. tubers
D. rhizomes
rhizomes
Last summer John did not pull all the carrots in his garden. This year he noticed that those carrots grew flowers and produced seeds. This happened because carrots are a(n) __________ plant.
A. annual
B. perennial
C. biennial
D. centennial
biennial
Maria has picked blueberries from the bush on her grandpa’s farm for the past five years. A blueberry bush is an example of a(n) __________ plant.
A. annual
B. perennial
C. biennial
D. centennial
perennial
Mrs. Abbott enjoys having different flowers in her yard each year. She should choose __________ flowers, plants that live for only one growing season.
A. annual
B. perennial
C. biennial
D. centennial
annual
The first root that emerges from a seed is called a(n) __________.
A. aerial root
B. taproot
C. fibrous root
D. primary root
primary root
Which type of plant has 2 cotyledons?
A. a monocot
B. a dicot
a dicot
Which has fibrous roots?
A. a monocot
B. a dicot
a monocot
Which has 1 cotyledon?
A. a monocot
B. a dicot
a monocot
Which has vascular tissue arranged in a circle?
A. a monocot
B. a dicot
a dicot
Which has flowers with petals in groups of 3 or 6?
A. a monocot
B. a dicot
a monocot
Which has leaves with branching veins?
A. a monocot
B. a dicot
a dicot
[True or False]
Herbaceous plants have hard, woody stems.
False
[True or False]
Fibrous roots grow straight down into the soil.
False
[True or False]
Gymnosperms include cycads, ginkgoes, gnetophytes, and conifers.
True
[True or False]
Trees can grow wider because the cambium cells produce more xylem and phloem.
True
[True or False]
You can tell how old a tree is and how much water it received each year by looking at its rings.
True
a leafy branch of a fern
frond
the tiny seed leaves of the embryo
cotyledon
a sticky substance that protects a pine tree from diseases and insects when a branch is broken
resin
tubes that carry sugars and food throughout the plant
phloem
tubes that carry water and minerals from the roots to the top of the plant
xylem
a tightly coiled developing frond
fiddlehead
has only one path for the flow of electricity
series circuit
any material that has the ability to attract iron
magnet
a continuous unbroken path through which electricity can flow
circuit
a very small circuit with all the parts built into it
integrated circuit
has multiple paths for the flow of electricity
parallel circuit
a material through which electricity cannot flow
insulator
a material that allows electricity to flow through it easily
conductor
a material that reduces the flow of electricity
resistor
a liquid or paste substance that conducts electricity
electrolyte
uses a magnet to convert motion into electrical energy
generator
[True or False]
Static electricity occurs when a circuit and a power source allow electrons to move.
False
[True or False]
Current electricity is produced when charges build up on the surface of an object.
False
[True or False]
Plastic, wood, and glass are good insulators.
True
[True or False]
A switch is a conductor that can be moved to bridge the gap or not bridge the gap in a circuit.
True
[True or False]
Magnetic force is strongest at the middle of the magnet.
False
[True or False]
The area of magnetic force around a magnet is called the magnetic field.
True
[True or False]
Integrated circuits signal information by opening and closing electrical circuits in sequence.
True
[True or False]
The brain of the computer that tells the other parts of the computer what to do is called the central processing unit (CPU).
True
Which unit measures how much current flows through a given part of a circuit in one second?
A. ampere
B. volt
C. joule
D. watt
ampere
Which unit measures the amount of electrical push, or force, in a circuit?
A. ampere
B. volt
C. joule
D. watt
volt
Which unit measures power, or how fast work is done?
A. ampere
B. volt
C. joule
D watt
watt
A coil of wire with a core attached to an electrical source is called a(n) __________.
A. battery
B. electromagnet
C. magnet
D. generator
electromagnet
A __________ is a material that can work as a conductor or as an insulator.
A. ROM
B. magnet
C. semiconductor
D. resistor
semiconductor
Who discovered that moving a magnet around or through a loop of wire produces electricity in the wire? Select the two correct answers.
A. Joseph Henry
B. William Sturgeon
C. Hans Christian Oersted
D. Michael Faraday
A. Joseph Henry
D. Michael Faraday
Who discovered that current traveling through a wire produces a weak magnetic field in the live wire?
A. Joseph Henry
B. William Sturgeon
C. Hans Christian Oersted
D. Michael Faraday
Hans Christian Oersted
Who discovered that adding a metal core to a coil of wire increased the magnetism?
A. Joseph Henry
B. William Sturgeon
C. Hans Christian Oersted
D. Michael Faraday
William Sturgeon
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Both magnets and static electricity require a power source to work.
B. Both magnets and static electricity can attract and repel objects.
B. Both magnets and static electricity can attract and repel objects.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. The strength of an electromagnet can be affected by the size of the core or the number of coils around the core.
B. The strength of an electromagnet is determined only by the amount of electricity it receives.
A. The strength of an electromagnet can be affected by the size of the core or the number of coils around the core.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. A battery works as a result of a chemical reaction and the movement of electrons.
B. A battery works as a result of electricity flowing through wires wrapped around a core.
A. A battery works as a result of a chemical reaction and the movement of electrons.
Which of the following statements is correct?
A. Both electronic devices and electrical devices communicate information.
B. Electronic devices can communicate information, but electrical devices cannot.
B. Electronic devices can communicate information, but electrical devices cannot.
