New Science Flashcards
Inherited Physical Characteristics are called?
Traits
Small Section of DNA that control the traits of an organism are called?
genes
The molecule carrying the chemical code that tells what to do is called?
DNA
The passing of traits from parents to offspring is called?
heredity
The shape of the DNA molecule was discovered by
James Watson and Francis Crick
The DNA molecule is something called a____ because it is shaped like a twisted spiral ladder
double helix
DNA rungs are formed four molecule called?
bases
consists of the brain and spinal cord; makes decisions and controls the body’s actions
central nervous system
consists of neurons all over the body; communicates about what goes on in and around the body
peripheral nervous system
the main pathway of information that connects the brain to the rest of the body
spinal cord
a nerve cell
neuron
the gap between neurons over which impulses cross
synapse
receives the electrical impulse from another neuron
dendrite
sends the electrical impulse on to the next neuron
axon
The largest part of the brain is the
Cerebrum
The __________ controls balance and muscle coordination.
cerebellum
The __________ __________ connects the brain to the spinal cord.
brain stem
Special proteins produced by white blood cells that can destroy pathogens are called
antibiotics
antibodies
antibodies
The body’s specific defense is called the
immune response
inflammatory response
immune response
Chemicals made by microorganisms that are able to destroy other microorganisms are called
antibiotics
antibodies
antibiotics
White blood cells that remember pathogens and the specific antibodies needed to defeat them are called
macrophages
memory cells
memory cells
When white blood cells mistakenly identify harmless foreign particles as an enemy, an __________ may happen.
allergic reaction
antibody
allergic reaction
Some pathogens can be killed by fevers.
True Or False
True
Nonspecific defenses include an increase of white blood cells and an inflammatory response.
True or False
True
Louis Pasteur discovered that a mold called penicillin kills bacteria.
True or False
False
An autoimmune disease occurs when the immune system attacks healthy cells that it should protect.
True or False
True
Scabs, sweat, tears, and earwax are some of the body’s defensive barriers.
True or False
True
controls skeletal muscle movements
somatic nervous system
controls involuntary activities
autonomic nervous system
Which nerve carries impulses from the ear to the brain
auditory nerve
Where are most of the body’s hormones produced?
endocrine glands
Which gland produces a growth hormone and hormones that control other glands?
pituitary
