science

Question 1

Protist

Answer 1

In some biological taxonomy schemes, protists were a large group of diverse eukaryotic, mainly unicellular microorganisms, that do not form tissues. Formerly, these were assigned to the now-obsolete kingdom Protista.

Question 2

Heterotroph

Answer 2

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

Question 3

Eukaryote

Answer 3

A eukaryote is any organism whose cells contain a nucleus and other organelles enclosed within membranes. Eukaryotes belong to the taxon Eukarya or Eukaryota.

Question 4

Decomposer

Answer 4

Decomposers are organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so they carry out the natural process of decomposition. Like herbivores and predators, decomposers are heterotrophic, meaning that they use organic substrates to get their energy, carbon and nutrients for growth and development.

Question 5

Parasite

Answer 5

an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host’s expense.

Question 6

Host

Answer 6

In biology, a host is an organism that harbors a parasite, or a mutual or commensal symbiont, typically providing nourishment and shelter. In botany, a host plant is one that supplies food resources and substrate for certain insects or other fauna.

Question 7

Fungi

Answer 7

A fungus is any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms.

Question 8

Spore

Answer 8

a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.

Question 9

Lichen

Answer 9

A lichen is a composite organism that arises from algae or cyanobacteria (or both) living among filaments of a fungus in a symbiotic relationship. The combined life form has properties that are very different from the properties of its component organisms. Lichens come in many colors, sizes, and forms.

Question 10

Nonvascular plant

Answer 10

Nonvascular plants belong to the division Bryophyta, which includes mosses, liverworts, and hornworts. These plants have no vascular tissue, so the plants cannot retain water or deliver it to other parts of the plant body.

Question 11

Vascular plant

Answer 11

Vascular plants, also known as tracheophytes and also higher plants, form a large group of plants that are defined as those land plants that have lignified tissues for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant.

Question 12

Gymnosperm

Answer 12

The gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gnetales. The term “gymnosperm” comes from the Greek composite word γυμνόσπερμος, meaning “naked seeds”, after the unenclosed condition of their seeds.

Question 13

Angiosperm

Answer 13

The gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gnetales. The term “gymnosperm” comes from the Greek composite word γυμνόσπερμος, meaning “naked seeds”, after the unenclosed condition of their seeds.

Question 14

Photosynthesis

Answer 14

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy, normally from the Sun, into chemical energy that can be later released to fuel the organisms’ activities.

Question 15

Cellular respiration

Answer 15

Cellular respiration is what cells do to break up sugars into a form that the cell can use as energy. This happens in all forms of life. Cellular respiration takes in food and uses it to create ATP, a chemical which the cell uses for energy.

Question 16

Transpiration

Answer 16

Transpiration is the process by which moisture is carried through plants from roots to small pores on the underside of leaves, where it changes to vapor and is released to the atmosphere. Transpiration is essentially evaporation of water from plant leaves.

Question 17

Tropism

Answer 17

the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus.

Question 18

Gravitropism

Answer 18

Gravitropism (also known as geotropism) is a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. It is a general feature of all higher and many lower plants as well as other organisms.

Question 19

Phototropism

Answer 19

the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it ( negative phototropism ).

Question 20

Asexual Reproduction

Answer 20

Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.

Question 21

Toxoplasmosis

Answer 21

a disease caused by toxoplasmas, transmitted chiefly through undercooked meat, or in soil or cat feces. Symptoms generally pass unremarked in adults, but infection can be dangerous to unborn children.

Question 22

Malaria

Answer 22

an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades the red blood cells. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical and subtropical regions.

Question 23

Giardia

Answer 23

Giardia is a genus of anaerobic flagellated protozoan parasites of the phylum Sarcomastigophora that colonise and reproduce in the small intestines of several vertebrates, causing giardiasis.