Science 4.1-4.4 Flashcards
A living thing
Organism
The green matter in plants which traps sunlight energy; gives plants the ability to produce its own food
Chlorophyll
The food making process in green plants
Photosynthesis
The simple sugar made by green plants
Glucose
An organism that is able to produce its own food by using sunlight energy
Producer
An organism that depends on producers for food energy
Consumer
Layer of dead and decaying leaves on the forest floor
Leaf litter
The soft organic material in soil made from the decayed remains of living things
Humus
Output products of photosynthesis
Oxygen and glucose
Inputs needed for photosynthesis to occur
Water, sunlight and carbon dioxide
The leaves and branches of a tree
Crown
The stem of a tree
Trunk
The protective layer on the outside of the trunk of a tree
Bark
The pArt that anchors the tree and draws water and minerals from the soil
Root
Layers of wood in the trunk; each one represents one year of the tree’s life
Annual rings
A tree with narrow leaves, or needles
Needleleaf tree
A tree that keeps its leaves throughout the year
Evergreen tree
A tree that produces seeds in cones
Conifer tree
Why do a tree’s roots need to be as large as it’s crown?
To anchor the tree in the ground
How can a river change the soil near a riverbank?
It can wash soil away or bring new soil
Why are the trees annual rings wider during years with plenty of sunlight and water?
It shows how much they have grown
A tree having flat, broad leaves and producing seeds
Broadleaf tree
A tree that loses its leaves and is bare for a part of the year
Deciduous tree
A plant structure that holds and protects seeds
Fruit
A tree that produces acorns
Oak
The fruit of an oak tree
Acorns
A tree with toothed leaves that produces small, flat seeds encased in paper-like wings
Elm
A tree with hand-shaped leaves that produces winged fruits
Maple
A branchless tree or shrub; does not have annual rings or bark
Palm
T or F - most broadleaf trees are deciduous
True - deciduous means to fall off
T or F: Deciduous trees are evergreen
False - deciduous trees lose their leaves and are bare part of the year
T or F: the leaf’s job is to hold and protect seeds
False - leaves make food for the entire plant
Leaf-like structure that surrounds the base of a flowers petals; protects the flower’s bud
Sepal
The colorful part of many flowers that attracts pollinators
Petal
The center part of the flower that makes pollen
Stamen
Yellow dust on flowers made by the stamens
Pollen
The vase shaped center part of the flower that makes undeveloped seeds
Pistil
The moving of pollen from a stamen to the pistil of the flower
Pollination
Cells in the pollen produced by the stamen
Sperm cells
What is the flower’s job?
To produce seeds
Flowers that radiate from the disk of a composite flower
Ray flower
Flowers that form a disk at the center of a composite flower
Disk flower
Flowers made of a combination of many smaller flowers
Composite flower
A plant that grows where it is not wanted
Weed
