Chapter 2 - Science Flashcards
The world we live in and interact with
Physical World
The substance of the physical world
Matter
A tiny particle of matter
Molecule
A particle that makes up a molecule
Atom
The ability to do work
Energy
Heat energy is called?
Thermal energy
3 states of Matter
Solid, liquid and gas
A way to describe or sort matter according to its characteristics
Property
Matter that can keep its shape
Solid
Packed closely together
Dense
Matter that cannot keep its shape, but can fill the shape of a container
Liquid
Matter that can fill a space but escapes easily
Gas
In what state of Matter are Molecules are packed closely together - very dense
Solids
In what state of matter are molecules loosely connected (less dense)
Liquids
In what state of matter are molecules only weakly attracted to each other (too much energy and move too quickly to stay together)
Gases
A property that can be observed or measured
Physical Property
The amount of space matter takes up
Volume
The amount of matter an object has
Mass
How heavy an object is because of the amount of gravity pulling its mass
Weight
How tightly packed molecules are in matter
Density
True or false
All solids melt
False
The temperature at which a solid changes to liquid
Melting Point
T or F
Heat energy always move from the cooler space to the warmer space.
False - heat energy always move from the warmer space to the cooler space
Boiling point
The temperature at which liquid rapidly changes to a gas
Freezing Point
The temperature at which liquid water changes to a solid
What does it mean to expand?
Get larger
What does it mean to contract?
Get smaller
Do most substances expand or contract when heated?
Expand
Do most substances expand or contract when cooled?
Contract
Does water expand or contract when it gets colder?
Expand - less dense
Two or more different kinds of matter combined together
Mixture
A mixture in which one kind of substance is dissolved into another
Solution
To break down into smaller pieces until it can no longer be seen
Dissolve
The part of a solution that dissolves another substance
Solvent
The part of a solution that is dissolved
Solute
Gravel mixed with sand is an example of a _______
Mixture
Water mixed with salt is an example of a _______
Solution
Salt water is a solution where salt is ________ into water.
Dissolved
Water is a _______ for many substances.
Solvent
A _______ breaks down in a solvent.
Solute
