SCIENCE(3) Flashcards
COORDINATED FUNCTIONS: NERVOUS SYSTEM
the organ system which performs many functions in the body, mostly for control and regulation.
nervous system
The Nervous System is divided into two main divisions
Central Nervous System
Peripheral Nervous System
is the main organ of the nervous system which receives impulses from the body, processes data, initiates appropriate responses to stimuli and regulates and maintains homeostasis in the body.
Brain
The brain is divided into three main parts:
the cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem.
controls voluntary movements. Considered the largest part of the brain. It is divided into left and right hemispheres.
cerebrum
responsible for sensations and movements of the right side of the body.
left hemispheres
is responsible for sensations and movements of
the left side of the body.
right hemispheres
Where two hemispheres communicate through
corpus callosum
responsible for speech, analysis and reasoning
left hemispheres
usually excels in mathematics, science and logic
left-brain dominant person
excels in aesthetics, music, arts and in visual and spatial analyses.
right brain dominant person
Each cerebral hemisphere is divided into four lobes:
Frontal, Temporal, Occipital and Parietal
is at work when you talk, move, reason out, and problem solving.
Frontal lobe
the center for vision
Occipital lobe
distinguishes for sensations such as touch, pain, pressure and temperature
Parietal lobe
allows you to hear, sequencing and organization and memory.
Temporal lobe
is the second largest part of the brain and is located behind the brain stem. It coordinates movements & controls balance.
cerebellum
communicates the brain with the spinal cord. It coordinates many survival functions of the body such as breathing, heart rate, sleep and wakefulness.
brain stem
is connected to the spinal cord, regulates breathing and heartbeat.
Medulla Oblongata
a small structure that connects the cerebrum and medulla oblongata.
pons
is the control center of the homeostasis of the internal environment. Regulates body temperature and manages emotions and sensations like thirst and hunger.
Hypothalamus
serves as messenger since integrates the sensory and motor impulses.
Thalamus
is a long bundle of nerves and cells that extends from the lower portion of the brain to the lower back.
spinal cord
is an automatic response to a stimulus that does not need thought or thinking, like when you pull away your hand when you touched a hot surface.
Reflex
is anything in the internal or external environment that triggers a response to any part of the body.
stimulus
gives the command to the heart to pump faster to supply more blood and oxygen to the body that will prompt the body in avoiding the truck.
brain
major component of the brain and the spinal cord of central nervous system.
neuron or nerve cell
carry impulses towards the cell body/ receive messages from nearby neurons.
Dendrites
In order for a message to jump into the space in between neurons
synapse
transported and released in the synapse with use of synaptic vesicles.
neurotransmitters
is the link between the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) to the rest of the body. The information carried by the nervous system travels along specialized called nerves or neurons which made up of a network bundled rope like structure.
Peripheral Nervous System is
This system is associated with the voluntary control of body movements
Somatic Nervous System
the nerves that carry motor and sensory signals between the spinal cord and the body
Spinal Nerves
the nerve fibers that carry information into and out of the brain stem.
Cranial Nerves
This system is associated with the involuntary control of body movements
Autonomic Nervous System
it is activated when the body is in a dynamic role or stress. (e.g., increased heart rate and breathing, dilation of pupil, sweating, etc.)
Sympathetic
it maintains body functions and restores the body to normal or relaxed mode.
Parasympathetic
