SCIENCE(2) Flashcards
SCIENCE 10 Q3- L2: COORDINATED FUNCTIONS: REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
The Sites of Sperm Production. This organ system produces sperm cells (male gametes) and delivers them inside the female reproductive system.
Testes
The bag of skin that holds and helps to protect the testicles.
Scrotum
Beneath the skin are loose connective tissues and a layer of smooth muscle
Dartos
A tightly coiled series of threadlike tubules that form a comma shaped structure on the posterior side of the testes.
Epididymis
After the sperm cells become matured in the epididymis, they move through another long tube
Vas deferens
This organ secretes alkaline fluid that neutralizes the acids in the female reproductive system. Because of this, the sperm cells are protected from such acidic environment.
Prostate gland
Fluid rich in (fructose) sugars that sperm cells use for energy.
Seminal vesicles
Alkaline fluid/ white slippery fluid that empties directly into the that neutralizes traces acidic urine in the urethra.
Bulbourethral gland
(Cowper’s gland)
Is where the urine passes as it is excreted from the body. This part also has a reproductive function. It aids in the ejection of the semen outside the body.
Urethra
The male external organ that deposits the semen into the female reproductive system during an intercourse is the penis. This organ gets filled up with blood during sexual arousal. When filled up with blood, its size increases
Penis
the female reproductive structure responsible for producing eggs
Ovaries
This tube contracts to assist the movement of the ovum.
Fallopian tubes
is a hollow, muscular organ. If fertilization occurs, the zygote implants itself on the lining
Uterus
connects the uterus to the vagina. It is especially important during delivery. This widens during childbirth and allows the passage of the fetus from the uterus to the vagina.
Cervix
where the sperm is deposited during sexual intercourse. If fertilization occurs and a fetus develops, the baby leaves the mother’s body through
Vagina
is a term to describe the sequence of events that occur in your body as it prepares for the possibility of pregnancy each month.
menstrual cycle
This phase begins on the first day of your period. It’s when the lining of your uterus sheds through your vagina if pregnancy hasn’t occurred. Most people bleed for three to five days, but a period lasting only three days to as many as seven days is usually not a cause for worry.
MENSTRUAL PHASE
This stage of the menstrual cycle is all about your body preparing for pregnancy each month. It starts with your estrogen hormone telling the lining of your uterus to thicken and develop to prepare for a fertilized egg. At the same time, another hormone, known as the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), stimulates your ovarian follicles to grow. Each follicle contains an egg. Usually, one egg will get totally ready for fertilization each month.
FOLLICULAR PHASE
During this phase, a surge in estrogen triggers a spike in a third hormone – the luteinizing hormone, or LH. LH is what makes a follicle rupture and release an egg. If you have a regular 28day menstrual cycle, the ovulation stage of the menstrual cycle will usually occur on Day 14.
However, most women have different menstrual cycle lengths. In general, ovulation happens 11 to 16 days before your upcoming period. Ovulation is what it’s called when one of the ovaries releases a mature egg. The egg travels out of the ovary, into the nearest fallopian tube, and then into your uterus. As the egg moves down the fallopian tube over the course of several days, the lining of the uterus continues to grow thicker and thicker.
OVULATION PHASE
The empty follicle turns into a corpus luteum. The cells of the corpus luteum produce estrogen and large amounts of progesterone. Progesterone stimulates your uterine lining to prepare for a fertilized egg. Here’s where two things can happen. If you become pregnant, the egg moves into your uterus and attaches itself to the lining. If you are not pregnant, the lining of the uterus is shed through the vaginal opening. Your period starts and a new menstrual cycle begins.
LUTEAL PHASE
biological processes that maintain homeostasis or body balance.
Feedback loops/mechanism
intensifies a response/ increases the production of hormone
positive feedback
reduces the effect of a stimulus/ decreases the production of hormones.
negative feedback
Draw the feedback mechanism
Hypothalamus(GnRH)
pituitary gland (LH/FSH)
ovary
Estrogen Progesterone
Uterus
