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Science (201-400) Flashcards

1
Q

Patients treated with ribavirin and amantadine

A

Rabies

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2
Q

Foaming at the mouth

A

Rabies

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3
Q

Once called “Hydrophobia”

A

Rabies

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4
Q

This viral disease renders drinking painful

A

Rabies

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5
Q

8.314J/K*M

A

Ideal Gas Constant

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6
Q

Eddy currents are predicted by this law

A

Faraday’s Law

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7
Q

Law that applies to coils rotating in a magnetic field

A

Faraday’s Law

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8
Q

This modification of the Nernst equation is used to calculate the potential across a cell membrane

A

Goldman’s Equation

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9
Q

Bond formed by electrostatic attraction between atoms

A

Ionic bonds

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10
Q

These types of weak ionic bonds occur between positively and negatively charge side-chains of proteins

A

Salt Bridges

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11
Q

Particle generated by beta decay

A

Positron

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12
Q

World clock element

A

Cesium

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13
Q

Particles with integer spin

A

Boson

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14
Q

Formerly extracted from willow bark

A

Aspirin

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15
Q

Also known as Acetyl-salicylic acid (ASA)

A

Aspirin

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16
Q

Bayer held the original patent to this

A

Aspirin

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17
Q

NSAID pain reliever that can cause more gastro-intestinal side effects than ibuprofen

A

Aspirin

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18
Q

The phenomena are less frequent when the Madden-Julian oscillation is in effect

A

Hurricanes

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19
Q

Lockheed WP-3D Orion is a “hunter” of these

A

Hurricanes

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20
Q

These cannot form near the equator due to a weak Coriolis force

A

Hurricanes

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21
Q

The Saffir-Simpson scale classifies these

A

Hurricanes

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22
Q

Eyewall drives a storm surge onto land

A

Hurricanes

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23
Q

Violent, tropical, Atlantic cyclones exemplified by Ida and Katrina

A

Hurricanes

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24
Q

Systems with this and a pendulum can be modeled by the Duffing equation

A

Springs

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25
Q

At full compression, this device’s force is proportional to the fourth power of wire diameter

A

Springs

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26
Q

“kx”

A

Springs

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27
Q

Hooke’s Law

A

Springs

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28
Q

Simple harmonic oscillator

A

Springs

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29
Q

Pogo sticks and trampolines

A

Springs

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30
Q

Stores energy in its coils

A

Springs

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31
Q

Larvae of the insect family Agro-myzi-dae are “miners” of these structures

A

Leaves

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32
Q

Bundle-seath cells are found here

A

Leaves

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33
Q

These can be “palmately compound”

A

Leaves

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34
Q

Have parallel veins in monocots

A

Leaves

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35
Q

Carotenoid pigments that are yellow and orange

A

Leaves

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36
Q

Shed by deciduous trees

A

Leaves

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37
Q

Green plant structures that are the primary site of photosynthesis

A

Leaves

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38
Q

W and Z particles mediate

A

Weak nuclear force

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39
Q

Most attempts at unified field theory fail because of

A

Gravity

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40
Q

Newton used this to explain the motion of the planets

A

Gravity

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41
Q

This is a distortion in spacetime around an object

A

Gravity

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42
Q

Decay of these would take 10^35 years to occur

A

Protons

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43
Q

Dark regions on this structures surface are caused by magnetic activity

A

Sun

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44
Q

Outermost layer of the sun, only visible during a solar eclipse

A

Corona

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45
Q

Latin for “crown”

A

Corona

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46
Q

“visible” surface of the sun

A

Photosphere

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47
Q

Energy is released as light in this region on the sun

A

Photosphere

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48
Q

This group of elements is between elements such as gold and oxygen

A

Metalloids

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49
Q

Group includes boron, arsenic, and germanium

A

Metalloids

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50
Q

Si

A

Silicon

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51
Q

Element used to build components like transistors and microships

A

Silicon

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52
Q

When antimony is blended with Tin

A

Pewter

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53
Q

Traditionally used to make dishes, pitchers, and beer tankards

A

Pewter

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54
Q

Individuals with a favorable trait survive longer and pass those traits to their offspring

A

Natural selection

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55
Q

Two extreme phenotypes

A

Disruptive selection

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56
Q

Finches on Santa Cruz either have small or large beaks

A

Disruptive Selection

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57
Q

Trait has increased in elephant populations

A

Tusklessness

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58
Q

Pressure from poachers has created a directional selection for this trait, especially in female elephants

A

Tusklessness

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59
Q

Bromine and this element name a type of number used… unsaturation of fats

A

Iodine

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60
Q

A common clock reaction changes color when this element complexes with starch

A

Iodine

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61
Q

Pills containing potassium and this element may be issued to victims of nuclear disasters

A

Iodine

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62
Q

Purplish halogen

A

Iodine

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63
Q

Can be added to table salt for thyroid health

A

Iodine

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64
Q

Atomic Number 53

A

Iodine

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65
Q

I

A

Iodine

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66
Q

Xanthe-lasma is caused by deposits of this compound under the skin

A

Cholesterol

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67
Q

Yellow gallstones are primarily crystals of this molecule

A

Cholesterol

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68
Q

Precursor of steroid hormones

A

Cholesterol

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69
Q

Best-selling drug of all time is a statin that lowers this molecule’s LDL or “bad” form

A

Cholesterol

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70
Q

Lipid molecule that is concentrated in shellfish and egg yolks

A

Cholesterol

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71
Q

Forms plaques that harden arteries

A

Cholesterol

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72
Q

A McLeod gauge is attached to equipment operating under this condition

A

Vacuum

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73
Q

Dewar flask

A

Vacuum

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74
Q

This phenomenon exists between Magdeburg hemispheres

A

Vacuum

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75
Q

This phenomenon is found above the mercury column in a Torricelli barometer

A

Vacuum

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76
Q

Robert Boyle designed an air pump to prove sound cannot travel through this medium

A

Vacuum

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77
Q

Aristotle said that “nature abhors”

A

Vacuums

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78
Q

A space entirely devoid of matter

A

Vacuum

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79
Q

According to the Nice model, this astronomical body has had the greatest shift between its orbits

A

Neptune

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80
Q

Second most trojans in the solar system

A

Neptune

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81
Q

Solar system’s fastest winds

A

Neptune

82
Q

“Scooter” cloud formation

A

Neptune

83
Q

Largest known non-spherical object, Proteus, orbits this body

A

Neptune

84
Q

“Great Dark Spot”

A

Neptune

85
Q

Triton orbits

A

Neptune

86
Q

Blue eighth planet from the Sun

A

Neptune

87
Q

This kingdom includes mold and yeast

A

Fungi

88
Q

Most abundant animal life in soil (Tundra/Taiga) are worms from this phylum

A

Nematoda

89
Q

Model organism C. Elegans

A

Nematoda

90
Q

Both fungi and nematodes contribute to the formation of this dark organic matter

A

Humus

91
Q

Decomposed remains of dead plants/animals

A

Humus

92
Q

Forms much of the topsoil layer

A

Humus

93
Q

Effective oxygen percentage is 8% in this region

A

Troposphere

94
Q

Large urban areas like LA and Mexico City tend to trap this visible, toxic form of air pollution

A

Smog

95
Q

Consists of Nitrogen and Sulfur oxides

A

Smog

96
Q

Qualitative analysis depends on this kind of reaction

A

Precipitation

97
Q

Two ions combine to form a solid that sinks to the bottom of a test tube

A

Precipitation

98
Q

Lead, silver, and mercury can be identified quickly because they precipitate with this anion

A

Chloride

99
Q

Anion in table salt

A

Chloride

100
Q

Behaves similar to Iron

A

Nickel

101
Q

Requires eight steps to form a rose red precipitate

A

Nickel

102
Q

Ni

A

Nickel

103
Q

Particles experience unpredictable change in velocity and pressure

A

Turbulence

104
Q

Airplanes experience this phenomenon at the boundaries of air masses moving at different speeds

A

Turbulence

105
Q

Transition from laminar to turbulent flow (Dimensionless number)

A

Reynold’s Number

106
Q

CnH2n

A

Alkenes

107
Q

CnH2n+2

A

Alkanes

108
Q

All single bonds

A

Alkanes

109
Q

Simplest alkane structure

A

Methane

110
Q

At least one carbon double bond

A

Alkenes

111
Q

Simplest alkene structure

A

Ethylene/Ethene

112
Q

CnH2n-2

A

Alkynes

113
Q

At least one carbon triple bond

A

Alkynes

114
Q

Simplest alkyne structure

A

Ethyne/Acetylene

115
Q

Rotten egg smell

A

Sulfur

116
Q

This element’s most common allotrope is an eight-membered ring

A

Sulfur

117
Q

“Sour” natural gas

A

Sulfur

118
Q

Cysteine

A

Sulfur

119
Q

This element’s oxides and nitrogen’s oxides make acid rain

A

Sulfur

120
Q

Chalcogen present in the thiol group

A

Sulfur

121
Q

Navier-Stokes equation

A

Turbulence

122
Q

Contrasted with Laminar flow

A

Turbulence

123
Q

Equivalent to Coulomb’s Law

A

Gauss’s Law

124
Q

The constant in Gauss’s Law is the permittivity of this kind of region

A

Vacuum

125
Q

Equivalent to Gauss’s Law

A

Coulomb’s Law

126
Q

Electric flux through a closed surface is equal to the enclosed charge divided by a constant

A

Gauss’s Law

127
Q

“Meters” for this quantity typically make use of a glass electrode

A

pH

128
Q

Henderson-Hasselbach equation

A

pH

129
Q

Phenolphthalein

A

pH

130
Q

Bromothymol blue

A

pH

131
Q

Methyl red

A

pH

132
Q

Measure of a substance’s acidity

A

pH

133
Q

Class of properties that depends only on the number of particles in a solution

A

Colligative

134
Q

A solvent’s vapor pressure is directly proportional to the solvent’s mole fraction

A

Raoult’s Law

135
Q

Change in this quantity must be zero for the formation of a solution

A

Enthalpy

136
Q

Inulin can be used to measure this structure’s filtration rate

A

Kidney

137
Q

Cluster of small blood vessels that are surrounded by Bowman’s Capsules in a nephron

A

Glomerulus

138
Q

Bean shaped organ

A

Kidney

139
Q

Kidney part named after a German scientist

A

Loop of Henle

140
Q

Fluid filtered from the glomerulus into the nephron must travel through this structure

A

Loop of Henle

141
Q

Proximal and distal convoluted tubules

A

Loop of Henle

142
Q

“Junction rule” used in circuit analysis

A

Gustav Kirchhoff

143
Q

This man and Robert Bunsen established spectroscopy

A

Gustav Kirchhoff

144
Q

Hot gas at low pressure produces an emission spectrum

A

Gustav Kirchhoff

145
Q

WKB approximation

A

Erwin Schrodinger

146
Q

“What is Life?”

A

Erwin Schrodinger

147
Q

Born-Oppenheimer approximation is typically made to solve this man’s equation

A

Erwin Schrodinger

148
Q

Critiqued the Copenhagen interpretation

A

Erwin Schrodinger

149
Q

Scientist’s namesake equation is the wave function

A

Erwin Schrodinger

150
Q

“Dead” or “Alive” cat

A

Erwin Schrodinger

151
Q

Hpsi = Epsi

A

Erwin Schrodinger

152
Q

Bindings between metals and ligands or macromolecules and ligands

A

Calorimetry

153
Q

Differential scanning technique

A

Calorimetry

154
Q

Hayashi and Henyey tracks

A

H-R Diagram

155
Q

Schwarzchild space

A

H-R Diagram

156
Q

Has a forbidden zone

A

H-R Diagram

157
Q

Super giants found at the top right of this chart

A

H-R Diagram

158
Q

Instability strip

A

H-R Diagram

159
Q

Stellar evolution of stars

A

H-R Diagram

160
Q

White dwarf stars found at the bottom left of this graph

A

H-R Diagram

161
Q

Relationship between temperature and luminosity of stars

A

H-R Diagram

162
Q

Eponymous diagram devised by a Dane and an Englishman

A

Hertzsprung-Russel Diagram

163
Q

Ptolemy’s Theorem

A

Golden Ratio

164
Q

? = (1 + sqrt(5))/2

A

Golden Ratio

165
Q

Lucas numbers

A

Golden Ratio

166
Q

Limit of the ratios of successive terms of the Fibonacci sequence

A

Golden Ratio

167
Q

Denoted by the letter phi ɸ

A

Golden Ratio

168
Q

1.618

A

Golden Ratio

169
Q

Amount required to raise the temperature of an object by 1°C

A

Heat Capacity

170
Q

Equals 5/3 for an ideal gas

A

Heat capacity

171
Q

Amount required to raise the temperature of one gram of a substance by 1°C

A

Specific heat

172
Q

A model for this quantity treats solids as a collection of harmonic oscillators with the same frequency

A

Heat capacity

173
Q

Bomb calorimeters measure this value

A

Heat capacity

174
Q

Narrow escape problem

A

Brownian Motion

175
Q

This phenomenon seems to allow a violation of the 2nd law of thermodynamics

A

Brownian motion

176
Q

This value for water is 4.18J

A

Heat Capacity

177
Q

Wiener process

A

Brownian Motion

178
Q

Marcus Theory

A

Gibbs Free Energy

179
Q

Reorganization energy

A

Gibbs Free Energy

180
Q

Brønsted catalysis equation

A

Gibbs Free Energy

181
Q

Phase rule/Phase equilibrium

A

Gibbs Free Energy

182
Q

Quantity decreases in spontaneous processes

A

Gibbs Free Energy

183
Q

American scientist’s namesake “free energy”

A

Gibbs Free Energy

184
Q

1st Law of Thermodynamics

A

Energy cannot be created nor destroyed

185
Q

2nd Law of Thermodynamics

A

For a spontaneous process, the entropy of the universe increases

186
Q

3rd Law of Thermodynamics

A

A perfect crystal at 0K has zero entropy

187
Q

Who created the Laws of Thermodynamics

A

Rudolf Clausius

188
Q

1st Law of Planetary Motion

A

Planets move in elliptical orbits focused around the sun

189
Q

2nd Law of Planetary Motion

A

A planet covers the same area of space in the same amount of time no matter where it is in its orbit

190
Q

3rd Law of Planetary Motion

A

A planet’s orbital period is proportional to the size of its orbit (It’s semi-major axis)

191
Q

Who create the Laws of Planetary Motion

A

Johannes Kepler

192
Q

Newton’s first law (Law of Inertia)

A

An object in motion tends to stay in motion, with the same direction and speed

193
Q

Newton’s second law (Law of Acceleration)

A

The acceleration of an object produced by a net applied force is directly related to the magnitude of said force

194
Q

Newton’s third law (Action-Reaction)

A

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

195
Q

Clear, outer portion of the eye

A

Cornea

196
Q

Excimer lasers are used in LASIK surgery to alter this structure

A

Cornea

197
Q

Keratitis

A

Cornea

198
Q

Brushfield spots in Down’s Syndrome

A

Iris

199
Q

Fuchs’ dystrophy

(Fewks)

A

Cornea

200
Q

Bowman’s membrane protects this structure

A

Cornea

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