Science 2 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What are the main components of the human circulatory system?

A

The human circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the basic structure of a cell.

A

A typical cell has a nucleus (containing DNA), cytoplasm (a jelly-like substance), and is surrounded by a cell membrane. It may also have other organelles like mitochondria and ribosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is an atom’s nucleus composed of?

A

An atom’s nucleus is composed of protons, which are positively charged, and neutrons, which have no charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does the human digestive system work?

A

The human digestive system breaks down food into nutrients, which are absorbed into the bloodstream. It includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and other accessory organs like the liver and pancreas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a chemical equation and how is it balanced?

A

A chemical equation represents a chemical reaction, showing the reactants and products. It is balanced when the number of atoms for each element is the same on both sides of the equation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Explain the concept of inertia.

A

Inertia is the resistance of any physical object to any change in its velocity, including changes to the object’s speed or direction of motion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the primary types of rock in the rock cycle?

A

The primary types of rock in the rock cycle are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Define osmosis.

A

Osmosis is the movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How does a sound wave travel?

A

Sound travels in waves through mediums such as air, water, and solids. These waves are created by vibrating objects and are detected by our ears.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?

A

A compound is a substance formed when two or more chemical elements are chemically bonded together. A mixture is a material made up of two or more different substances which are not chemically bonded.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Explain the process of nuclear fusion.

A

Nuclear fusion is the process where two light atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, releasing energy.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What causes a solar eclipse?

A

A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Earth and the Sun, blocking all or part of the Sun’s light.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do vaccines stimulate the immune system?

A

Vaccines stimulate the immune system by mimicking an infection. This “fake” infection does not cause illness, but it does prompt the immune system to produce T-lymphocytes and antibodies.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

A

Mitosis is the process by which a single cell divides to produce two identical daughter cells. Meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the number of chromosomes in the parent cell by half and produces four gamete cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Define kinetic and potential energy.

A

Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. Potential energy is the energy held by an object because of its position relative to other objects.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How does the periodic table organize elements?

A

The periodic table organizes elements in rows by increasing atomic number and in columns by similar chemical properties.

17
Q

What is the role of chlorophyll in plants?

A

Chlorophyll in plants captures sunlight, which is used in photosynthesis to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen.

18
Q

Define biodiversity and its importance.

A

Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in the world or in a particular habitat or ecosystem. It is important because it boosts ecosystem productivity and resilience.

19
Q

What are Newton’s Laws of Motion?

A

Newton’s Laws of Motion describe the relationship between a body and the forces acting upon it, and its motion in response to those forces.

20
Q

How do hormones regulate bodily functions?

A

Hormones are chemical substances that act like messenger molecules in the body. They regulate various bodily functions by traveling through the bloodstream to tissues or organs.

21
Q

Explain the concept of plate tectonics.

A

Plate tectonics is the theory that Earth’s outer shell is divided into several plates that glide over the mantle, the rocky inner layer above the core.

22
Q

What is the function of DNA replication?

A

DNA replication is the process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules.

23
Q

How does a battery generate electricity?

A

A battery generates electricity through a chemical reaction between two different substances, usually separated by a conductive material, causing electrons to move from one substance to another.

24
Q

What are the effects of acid rain on the environment?

A

Acid rain, caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide, can cause damage to forests, lakes, and buildings, and poses a threat to aquatic life.

25
Q

Explain the principle of conservation of energy.

A

The principle of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transformed from one form to another.