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4th Quarter Reviewer > Science > Flashcards

Science Flashcards

1
Q

What phase of metter can be compressed easily and lacks a fixed size or forms.

A

Gas

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2
Q

What property of gas results from the force generated when gas particles collide with the walls of the container?

A

Pressure

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3
Q

What is the typical motion of gas molecules inside a container?

A

Straight line Motion

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4
Q

At constant temperature, what happens to the volume of a gas when the pressure increases?

A

Decreases

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5
Q

In the Charle’s Law, what is the relationship between volume and temperature?

A

Directly Proportional

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6
Q

What change occurs to the temperature of a gas if its volume decreases at constant pressure?

A

Decreases

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7
Q

Which of the following explains Boyle’s Law?

If the pressure of a gas is constant, its volume is directly proportional to its temperature.

If the temperature of a gas is constant, its volume is directly proportional to its pressure.

If the pressure of a gas is constant, its volume is inversely proportional to its temperature.

A

If the pressure of a gas is constant, its volume is inversely proportional to its temperature.

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8
Q

Which statement accurately represents Charles’ Law?

If the pressure of a gas is constant, its volume is directly proportional to its temperature.

If the temperature of a gas is constant, its volume is directly proportional to its pressure.

If the temperature of a gas is constant, its volume is inversely proportional to its pressure.

If the pressure of a gas is constant, its volume is inversely proportional to its temperature.

A

If the pressure of a gas is constant, its volume is directly proportional to its temperature.

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9
Q

The mathematical expression that is applied in solving problems related to Charles Law?

A

V1T1=V2T2

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10
Q

What is the most likely outcome when a closed vessel filled with gas is shaken for 2 minutes?

The pressure inside the vessel increases.

The temperature and pressure inside the vessel increase.

The temperature inside the vessel increases.

Both the temperature and pressure in the vessel increase.

A

The temperature and pressure inside the vessel increase.

Both the temperature and pressure in the vessel increase.

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11
Q

Why is it necessary to balance a chemical equation?

A

✓ To ensure conservation of mass.

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12
Q

A balloon with a volume of 200 mL at 30°C is submerged in hot water to obtain a temperature of 50°C. Find out what will happen to the volume of the balloon provided the pressure remains the same.

A

The volume of the balloon will become higher than 200 mL.

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13
Q

What is/are the composition of the nucleotides of the Nucleic Acids?

A

Sugar, Nitrogenous base, and Phosphate group

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14
Q

What is the most abundant organic molecules in living systems, and it is composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen. nitrogen and sulfur (CHONS)?

A

Proteins

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15
Q

What type of polysaccharide cannot be digested (broken down) by humans?

A

Cellulose

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16
Q

What are the macromolecules that are key in the continuity of life?

A

Nucleic Acids

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17
Q

What is the sugar found in RNA?

A

Ribose

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18
Q

During class, a student has been feeling drowsy and distracted. What dietary choices should the student make to improve their alertness and focus?

A

Consuming foods rich in complex carbohydrates like whole grains and vgetables can provide a steady source of energy to fuel the brain and maintain concentration throughout the day.

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19
Q

Consider the following pairs of biomolecules and their functions. Which pair is correctly matched?
Lipids: Energy storage and insulation

Proteins: Providing quick energy and serving as genetic material

Nucleic acids: Catalyzing chemical reactions and supporting cell structure

Carbohydrates: Forming cell membranes and regulating body temperature

A

Lipids: Energy storage and insulation

20
Q

What type of fatty acids are composed of single bonds?

A

Saturated

21
Q

How many amino acids of the same kinds of different arrangement are there?

A

20

22
Q

What is the function of carbohydrates?

A

Energy Storage

23
Q

What does the arrow (→) in a chemical equation represent?

A

Yields

24
Q

What is/are the substance(s) that are produced in a chemical reaction?

A

Products

25
Q

What type of chemical reaction can be represented by the equation:
AB + CD = AC +BD?

A

Double Displacement

26
Q

What type of chemical reaction is described where two substances combine to form one product?

A

Combination

27
Q

What are the products of an acid-base reaction?

A

Salt and Water

28
Q

What do you call substances that are used up in chemical reaction?

A

Reactants

29
Q

What kinetic energy is needed to start a chemical reaction?

A

Activation Energy

30
Q

What substance slows down or retards a chemical reaction?

A

Inhibitor

31
Q

What does a catalyst do to a chemical reaction?

A

Speeds up the rate of reaction.

32
Q

How is a chemical equation be balanced?

A

Adding Coefficients

33
Q

What is the effect of a catalyst on the activation energy?

A

It increases the activation energy.

34
Q

Fresh fish and meat that are not stored in a refrigerator show signs of spoilage in less than a day. Which caused this spoilage?

Oxygen in air

Presence of microorganisms

Temperature changes

All of the above

A

All of the above

35
Q

What gases are primarily responsible for causing acid rain?

A

Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen Oxides

36
Q

The rate of reaction increases as the temperature increases. Which of the following statements provides the best explanation for this?

Higher temperature has higher activation energy.

At lower temperatures the particles do not collide with each other.

Increasing the temperature increases the number of particles, so they collide more often.

At higher temperatures the particles have more move faster, and collide more often.

A

At higher temperatures the particles have more move faster, and collide more often.

37
Q

Which of the following statements about collision is correct?
Only fast-moving particles collide with each other.

All colliding particles have the same amount of energy.

Reaction will occur even without collision of molecules.

Reactions can happen if the colliding particles have enough energy.

A

Reactions can happen if the colliding particles have enough energy.

38
Q

Which source of gas emissions is least likely to be a significant factor in the production of acid rain?

Vehicles

Power plants

Backyard farming

Coal mining industries

A

Backyard Farming

39
Q

Reactions eventually stop. What is generally the reason for this?

A

The particles have run out of energy.

40
Q

Imagine you accidentally leave an aerosol can near a heat source. What is the most likely consequence?

A

The can will eventually explode

41
Q

What is the essential organic molecule involved in the maintenance and metabolic processes of living organisms?

A

Biomolecule

42
Q

What is the primary source of energy for the body?

A

Carbohydrates

43
Q

What is the monomer of proteins?

A

Amino Acids

44
Q

What law is the basis for balancing chemical equations?

A

Law of Conservation of mass

45
Q

Group of biomolecules that is insoluble

A

Lipids

46
Q

According to Boyle’s Law. what is the relationship between pressure and volume?

A

Inversely Proportional

4th Quarter Reviewer (9 decks)

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