SCIENCE Flashcards
It may move away from or toward a reference point after a length of time
An object in motion
Natural process which brings about changes on Earth’s surface
Weathering
Depends on the kind of surfaces that come in contact with each other
The amount of frictional force
The rate at which the object moves over a certain distance in a given time
The object’s speed
The object will move and change its position if this type of force is applied
Unbalanced forces
The negatively charged particles of atoms
Electrons
Formalized and published in 1960
The standard SI units based on the meter-kilogram-second system (MKS)
Enables the soil to absorb water, thus decreasing the speed and direction of runoff
Vegetation cover
Cause the object to start moving, stop moving, or change the direction of its movement
When an unbalanced force is experienced by an object
It refers to an agricultural practice of growing different types of crops in the same area over a sequence of years or seasons
Crop rotation
Value of deka
10
A metal commonly used in electrical wires because of its high electrical conductivity.
Copper
The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest, or an object to stay in motion in a straight line unless an unbalanced force acts on it
Inertia
They do not allow light to pass through them
Opaque materials
Would produce a very clear image on the surface
Specular or regular reflection
Affects the motion of an object
Force
Cause a change in motion
Unbalanced forces which are unequal in size
Depends on the distance traveled and the length of time traveled
Speed
Commonly used as heat conductors
Aluminum, silver, iron, and steel
Used to measure distance
Meter or kilometer
Constantly changing
Earth’s surface
The change in position of an object over time as compared with a reference point
Motion
Tiny particles in which heat and electricity moves through
Atoms
The ability to allow heat and electricity to flow through objects
Conductivity
Used to measure long distances
Kilometer
Known to be hard, lustrous or shiny, ductile, and malleable
Metals
Depends on the distance or the length by which the object has moved from a reference point, and the length of time through which the change in position happened.
Motion
The speed of a moving object in a particular direction
Velocity
A flow of electrons
Electricity
Value of centi
1/100
The prefix added when the length being measured is far or quite distant
hecto-, deca- or kilo-
May move down the highland due to gravity
Glaciers
Create more friction
Rough surfaces
Formed by slightly acidic water
Caves
Transmit light when they allow all visible light waves to pass through them
Transparent materials
Breaking of rocks and soil down into smaller particles
Weathering
Eats up a large amount of vegetation, causing the soil to loosen and leads to erosion
Animal grazing
The amount of Earth’s pull on a body
Gravity
Conductors of heat because their atoms are compact enough
Metals
The standard unit of mass
Kilogram (kg)
The prefix added when the length being measured is short
milli-, centi-, or deci-
Used to measure short distances
Meter
Pulls weathered rock and soil down slopes
Gravity
Value of kilo
1000
Set to change its state of motion
The object that receives a push or pull from different forces
The standard unit of time
Seconds (s)
Other units commonly used to express speed
kilometers per hour (km/h or kph), feet per second (ft/s), and miles per hour (mi/h or mph)
Most widely used system of measurement in the world
The Metric System of Measurement
The standard unit for time
Seconds (s)
Value of hecto
100
Transmit light that is scattered or diffused and cannot be reflected clearly to your eyes
Translucent materials
It may cause the object to start moving, stop moving, speed up, slow down, or change the direction of its movement
Force
Give off acids which dissolve the minerals from the rocks and eventually cause them to break
Lichens and moss
Some lands with steeper slopes erode more soil by water than those with gentle slope
Slope of the land surface
Breaks down rocks by changing their composition
Chemical weathering
Push or pull that makes something move
Force
The average and overall atmospheric condition in a region over a long period of time
Climate
Changes the sizes and shapes of rocks
Physical weathering
Most common cause and maybe the most powerful agent of erosion
Moving water
The material moved by erosion
Sediment
Planting two different crops of alternate rows of strips
Strip cropping
Absorbed more when it strikes a dark object
Light
A number of terraces are cut along the hill slope
Terracing
Create lesser friction
Smooth surfaces
A black image when light is blocked by an object
Shadow
The rate at which it covers a certain distance
The speed of a moving object
Gravity depends on two things
The amount of matter or an object’s mass and the distance of the object from Earth
A common reference point for determining motion
Earth’s surface
When carbon dioxide in the air dissolves in water, carbonic acid is formed. It reacts with rocks like limestone, turning it to calcium bicarbonate that easily dissolves in water
Carbonation
The process of breaking down rocks by oxygen and water, often giving iron-filled rocks a rusty color
Oxidation
Occurs when living things like plants and animals cause rocks to break down or change in their composition
Biological weathering
Value of milli
1/1000
Based on the metric system
International System of Units (SI)
Used in transistors, solar cells, and other components of electronic devices because they are also conductors of electricity
Water, graphite, plasma, and silicon
The upward force that enables objects to float or appear lighter and is present whether an object floats or sinks
Buoyancy
The standard or SI unit for speed
Meters per second (m/s)
Occurs when acidic water causes the rocks to break, producing clay and soluble salts
Hydrolysis
The measure of gravity
The nearer an object is to Earth, the greater is the gravitational pull, the farther an object is from Earth, the lesser is the gravitational pull
Forms of energy that flow through the particles of a material
Heat and electricity
Forces that cancel each other out when acting together on a single object, do not cause a change in motion
Balanced forces
Process that transports the weathered particles from one place to another
Erosion
The way to describe the motion of an object
Determining how long it takes to travel, how far it travels, how fast it moves, and what path it follows
Materials with dark colors absorb light into heat
Heat absorbers
Value of deci
1/10
Can be measured using a ruler, a meterstick, and a tape measure
Distance or length
Can conduct electricity because they have atoms that easily give up electrons, allowing electricity to move throughout the structure
Metals
The agents of withering
Plants, animals, water, wind, snow or frost, and changes in temperature
Effects of soil erosion
Shortage of food supply, change of landforms, and flooding and siltation
Farmers do not plow the field or disturb the topsoil
No-till or minimum-till practice
Some types of soil erode easily compared to others
Character or type of soil
They conduct very less heat and do not allow electricity to flow
Heat or thermal insulators
Light that travels to our eyes
Reflected light
Speed with direction
Velocity
The force that works against motion when surfaces rub against each other
Friction
An object’s exact location
An object’s position
Farmlands that are cultivated in hilly areas use ______ to prevent soil erosion
Contour farming
The part of the soil where the plants grow
Topsoil
The standard unit of distance or length
Meter (m)
The standard SI unit for distance
Meters (m)
Defined as the distance of an object travels divided by the time it takes the object to travel that distance
The speed of an object
The topsoil contains ___
Humus
The eroded materials are gradually transported in another location such as the bottom of the stream.
Deposition
