Science

Question 1

Galileo

Answer 1

-Tried for herasy for proving the heliocentric cosmological model undermining the intrinsic authority of the Church and their physics, creating a conflict between science and religion as they fundamentally differ in their ideas of cosmology and creation, the Church sees science as a threat to its intrinsic authority.

Question 2

+Religion and science are incompatible-creationism

Answer 2

-Scientific developments like evolutionary theory have undermined and disproven traditional religious views-weakens authority of the church and suggests a scientific view is incompatible with scripture as they have different ideas of creation-Dawkins-Science has disproven religion making them incompatible
C: Some Christians take a liberal interpretation of the bible and now accept evolutionary theory, swinburnes argument for compatibility BUT many fundamentalists and scientists reject eachothers view on cosmology suggesting they are widely incompatible and in conflict.

Question 3

-Religion and science are compatible-Swinburne

Answer 3

-Argues that intelligent design is compatible with evolutionary theory and infact fills the gaps within evolutionary theory-no evidence God did not create the processes needed for evolution-reasonable to argue God did direct evolution and the big bang as they are not ultimate explanations-We can accept both creationism and religion
C: Argument has validity and suggests they can be compatible however, fundamentalist Christians still reject scientific cosmology-some christians reject evolutionary theory entirely and some scientists reject the idea of an intelligent design or creator at all and argue they are incompatible as theres no emperical evidence for a God science and religion remain in conflict and incompatible for the majority-also conflict in other areas

Question 4

+Religion and science are incompatible-methods and materialism

Answer 4

-They have fundamentally contradictive views about the nature of reality and methods of gaining knowledge of reality
-Scientists widely believe in materialism, this is the basis of the scientific method, all things have a material cause and we can only establish something as objectively verifiable and true if it can be tested and observed
-Religious believers believe in a non emperical reality we can know through scripture, revelation, etc all are emperical evidence of a higher reality, God etc-creates a conflict and incompatibility as many scientists question the validity of scripture, often regard things such as revelation as having a material cause and deny the existence of any higher reality-makes science and religion fundamentally in conflict
C: Some preists are thelogians, such as John Polkinghorne who argues that scripture cannot be verified but can still give us valuable knowledge, showing we can accept both belief systems, however many scientists continue to remain materalists, his view cannot be generalised to the majority of scientists who often reject the validity of scripture etc making them incompatible as they fundamentally differ about the nature of reality