Science

Question 1

Science

Answer 1

system of acquiring knowledge through observation and experimentation to describe the natural world

Question 2

Scientific Method

Answer 2

a method designed to logically formulate, test, and evaluate a problem or hypothesis

Question 3

Hypothesis

Answer 3

an idea or a suggestion often developed to explain something, the cause of which is unknown

Question 4

Anatomy

Answer 4

the study of the structure of the body

Question 5

Physiology

Answer 5

the study of the function of the body

Question 6

Differentiation

Answer 6

process through which cells of the body vary according to their specific function

Question 7

Nucleus

Answer 7

the “brain” of a cell; directs all activities and contains genetic information

Question 8

Chromosome

Answer 8

threadlike structure found in the nucleus of most living cells; carries genetic information

Question 9

Cell Membrane

Answer 9

the outer layer of a cell that holds the cell together

Question 10

Cytoplasm

Answer 10

transparent, gel-like substance inside of every cell; cellular activities occur here

Question 11

DNA

Answer 11

genetic material shaped like a double helix; part of all living cells

Question 12

Stem Cells

Answer 12

cells in the body that evolve into specific cells in a particular organ system

Question 13

Tissues

Answer 13

groups of cells that work together to accomplish the same task

Question 14

Organs

Answer 14

two or more groups of tissues working together to perform specific functions

Question 15

Homeostasis

Answer 15

state of internal balance achieved by adjusting the physiological systems of the body

Question 16

Bone Marrow

Answer 16

soft, spongy, blood-forming tissue found inside bones

Question 17

Joints

Answer 17

physical point of connection between two bones; articulation

Question 18

Ligaments

Answer 18

tough bands of fibrous tissue that connect bone to bone

Question 19

Tendons

Answer 19

fibrous tissues that connect muscles to bone

Question 20

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Answer 20

part of the nervous system that includes the brain and the spinal cord

Question 21

Endocrine Glands

Answer 21

glands that secrete chemical substances called hormones, which regulate body functions; part of the endocrine system

Question 22

Hormones

Answer 22

chemicals secreted by endocrine glands to regulate body functions

Question 23

Metabolism

Answer 23

term for the chemical processes occurring within a living organism that maintains life

Question 24

Respiration

Answer 24

the act of supplying oxygen to the cells and removing carbon dioxide; also called breathing

Question 25

Immunity

Answer 25

ability to resist pathogens

Question 26

Lymph

Answer 26

colorless fluid from the body’s tissues that carries white blood cells; collects and transports bacteria to the lymph nodes for destruction; carries fats from the digestive system

Question 27

Lymphocyte

Answer 27

white blood cell that destroys pathogenic microorganisms

Question 28

Antigen

Answer 28

any foreign substance, either outside or inside the body, that causes the immune system to produce antibodies

Question 29

Antibody

Answer 29

a protein produced by the immune system; circulates in the plasma in response to the presence of foreign antigens

Question 30

Phagocytosis

Answer 30

process in which white blood cells surround, ingest, and destroy a foreign invader

Question 31

pH Scale

Answer 31

system for measuring a substance’s acidity or alkalinity; ranges from 0-14

Question 32

Puberty

Answer 32

a stage of life beginning between the ages of 8 and 14; indicates sexual reproduction is possible

Question 33

Human Reproduction

Answer 33

process that occurs when the male sex cell and female sex cell unite to create a new human being

Question 34

Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI)

Answer 34

an infection transferred from one person to another through sexual contact