Sci 9

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a component of cell theory?

Answer 1

Cells can arise spontaneously from non-living matter

Question 2

What happens during metaphase of mitosis?

Answer 2

Chromosomes align

Question 3

What is the main purpose of mitosis?

Answer 3

To grow and repair body cells

Question 4

What is the outcome of mitosis?

Answer 4

2 identical diploid cells

Question 5

Which type of reproduction involves the development of offspring from unfertilized eggs?

Answer 5

Parthenogenesis

Question 6

What type of asexual reproduction involves a parent growing an extra piece on its body and then it
falling off to create a new individual

Answer 6

Budding

Question 7

When one worm is cut in half, it grows into two separate worms. What type of reproduction is this

Answer 7

Fragmentation

Question 8

During which phase of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Answer 8

Prophase l

Question 9

What is the purpose of meiosis?

Answer 9

To create gametes

Question 10

What is the outcome of meiosis

Answer 10

4 haploid cells that are all different

Question 11

What is a potential result of a nondisjunction in meiosis?

Answer 11

Chromosomal abnormalities

Question 12

Which structure produces sperm

Answer 12

Testes

Question 13

What is the function of the epididymis

Answer 13

To store and mature sperm

Question 14

Which gland releases fluid to prepare the urethra for ejaculation

Answer 14

Bulbourethra

Question 15

Where does fertilization occur

Answer 15

Oviduct

Question 16

Which structure is responsible for producing eggs?

Answer 16

Ovary

Question 17

Where does sex hormone production begin in both males and females?

Answer 17

Hypothalamus

Question 18

What is the term for different variations of the same gene?

Answer 18

Alleles

Question 19

What does genotype represent?

Answer 19

The genetic makeup of an organism

Question 20

What event marks the beginning of the first trimester?

Answer 20

Implantation of the blastocyst in the uterus

Question 21

Which of the following structures develop first in the embryo?

Answer 21

The brain and spinal cord

Question 22

The heart begins to beat in which trimester

Answer 22

First

Question 23

What is the main event in trimester 2?

Answer 23

Bones begin to harden

Question 24

What is the main focus of fetal development during the third trimester?

Answer 24

Growth and preparing for birth

Question 25

Which organ is the last to develop?

Answer 25

Lungs

Question 26

Which hormones does the mother’s body release during labour?

Answer 26

Oxytocin, and relaxin

Question 27

Explain 3 different methods plants use to reproduce.

Answer 27

Sexual – via pollination the pollen cells on the anther are transferred to the stigma of another plant where they will travel down the style to the ovary where it will fertilize the ovule to create seeds. Self-fertilization – same as sexual but on the same flower not a different flower. Budding – the plant will grow a smaller version of the plant on its body. When it is ready, it will drop off and begin to grow on its own. Vegetative propagation – a piece of the stem, leaf, or other part of the plant is cut off and placed in water or dirt so it can grow into an entirely different plant.

Question 28

Describe the roles of each hormone throughout the menstrual cycle.

Answer 28

FSH – increases to stimulate follicle development and therefore estrogen production Estrogen – increases and peaks to signal LH to enter the ovaries Progesterone – keeps the endometrium thick in preparation for implantation LH – triggers ovulation

Question 29

Describe what changes the egg and sperm go through during the fertilization process. Include the terms acrosome, zona pellucida, meiosis, cortical reaction

Answer 29

When the sperm meets the zona pellucida, it goes through a change causing the acrosome to release digestive enzymes to eat through the zona. After the sperm enters the egg, the egg goes through a change to prevent more sperm from entering the egg. This is the cortical reaction hardening the outer membrane of the egg. - The egg finishes meiosis II and fuses it’s chromosomes with the sperm’s.