SCI

Question 1

what is more likely to cause an SCI?

Answer 1

motor vehicle accident

Question 2

describe the classification of a contusion.

Answer 2

loss of central grey and white matter, spinal chord intact

Question 3

what involves the complete transection of the spinal cord?

Answer 3

laceration

Question 4

primary destruction of neurons at that level =

Answer 4

primary injury of SCI

Question 5

damage spread due to necrosis and excitotoxic processes that can continue for hours, days, or weeks is what?

Answer 5

secondary injury of SCI

Question 6

what occurs during synaptic dysfunction?

Answer 6

increase in calcium, causing excitotoxicity and glutamate causing cellular destruction

Question 7

what occurs when blood flow decreases?

Answer 7

cell death can occur

Question 8

what types of paralysis occur during spinal shock?

Answer 8

flaccid paralysis

bowel and bladder paralysis

Question 9

what type of shock is more common in injuries above T6?

Answer 9

neurogenic shock

Question 10

what is considered the normal ASIA level?

Answer 10

E

Question 11

name this asia level: sensory, no motor

Answer 11

B

Question 12

no motor or sensory

Answer 12

A

Question 13

define a diplegic.

Answer 13

paralysis of both upper and lower limbs

Question 14

define hemiplegic.

Answer 14

paralysis of upper extremities, trunk, and one lower extremity

Question 15

what is required for a C1-C3 paraylyssi?

Answer 15

sip n puff, ventilator

Question 16

C4 paralysis?

Answer 16

same, w/o ventilator

Question 17

C5 paralysis? what type of w/c is required?

Answer 17

shoulder, neck, and elbow flexion intact

electric w/c required

Question 18

C6 paralysis?

Answer 18

wrist extension intact

need assistance for dressing

Question 19

C7/C8 paralysis?

Answer 19

all hand movements are good - can perform all sorts of transfers

Question 20

T1-T4 paralysis?

Answer 20

normal comm skills

help needed for heavy household work

Question 21

T5-T9 paralysis?

Answer 21

independent for care

manual w/c use

Question 22

T10-L1 paralysis?

Answer 22

partial paralysis of lower body

Question 23

L2-S5 paralysis?

Answer 23

some hip, knee, and ankle movements w/ possibly difficulty walking w/ assistance or aids

Question 24

impairments in anterior cord syndrome.

Answer 24

due to flexion injuries

loss of motor funciton and pain and temp loss bilaterally

Question 25

impairment in posterior cord syndrome

Answer 25

loss of proprioception causing wide steppage gait

Question 26

impairment in central cord syndrome

Answer 26

bilateral loss of pain and temperature | UE affected greater than LE

Question 27

name this: cystic cavitation and gliosis of the spinal chord. where is this most common?

Answer 27

syringomelia | in the cervical spine

Question 28

what syndromes are as a result of lower limb paralysis, reflexive bowel and bladder?

Answer 28

cauda equina syndrome and conus medullaris syndrome

Question 29

in autonomic dysreflexia, what is impaired?

Answer 29

simultaneous activity of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system

Question 30

what is the most common cause of death in SCI?

Answer 30

respiratory complications

Question 31

lesion at C4 causes paralysis of which muscles?

Answer 31

inspiratory muscles

Question 32

lesion between C5-T12 causes paralysis of which muscles?

Answer 32

expiratory muscles

Question 33

weight loss occurs in which phase?

Answer 33

acute phase

Question 34

weight gain occurs in which phase?

Answer 34

chronic phase

Question 35

lesions above the conus medullaris causes what type of bladder?

Answer 35

neurogenic bladder with increased spasticity

Question 36

lesions at the conus medullaris causes what type of bladder?

Answer 36

nonreflex bladders, resulting in flaccidity and decreased tone

Question 37

what is the most common secondary complication of a SCI?

Answer 37

UTI