Schools Of Thought Flashcards
Structuralism (1879)
-no technology, first interest in human behavior
- first establishment of schools of thought
Who created the first lab?
Vundt, he was also known for wanting to study the atoms of the mind
Introspection
Our feelings/cognition/behavior (bx) and trying to understand them
Functionalism
Emphasis on the function of the mind
William James
Influenced by Darwin, wrote the first psych textbook in 1890
What is the difference between structure and function?
Structure is the what and function is the why
Behaviorism
-Started in 20s
- Focuses on behavior and what can be observed, defined and measured
What is the con to behaviorism?
It isn’t accurate
BF Skinner
- Skinner box
- instrumental in operant conditioning
Operant Conditioning
The idea that we learn through sequences of punishment and reward
John Watson
Known for the little Albert studies
What were the little Albert studies?
Watson conditioned a baby to be afraid of white, furry animals b/c he showed the baby a bunny while crashing symbols behind his head
What is significant about the little Albert studies?
It led to the idea that fear is a driven response that is learned
Condition
Learned response
Psychoanalysis
Studies the impact of our unconscious minds and how our childhoods affect us in life
Who created the idea of psychoanalysis?
Freud. however, most of his theories were incorrect.
Who followed Freuds idea of psychoanalysis?
Young + Adler
Humanistic
Human nature on what we are doing, emphasis on personal growth
Carl Rogers
Considered the father of humanistic principles
Abraham Maslow
Known for hierarchy of needs, he believed that we must satisfy our basic needs first in order to achieve the best version of ourselves
Cognitive
A broad term that is used to describe memory, thinking and language
Cognitive Revolution
- inspired from new technology
- cognitive psychology and neuroscience became fields of study
Evolutionary
Contributions from nature and genetics but it is not always 100%
Positive
The drive to understand happiness and why we are happy
Cross-Cultural
Why we behave the way we do and what influences our behavior
Experimental Research
Independent and dependent variable
Independent Variable
What were manipulating or changing
Dependent Variable
What were measuring
Correlational Research
The relationship between two variables
What is the issue with correlational research?
The potential of a third variable or a confounding variable
