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Psych 101 Chapter 1 > Chapter 2: Biology, Behavior & Thought > Flashcards

Chapter 2: Biology, Behavior & Thought Flashcards

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1
Q

Biopsychosocial System

A

Means that understanding behavior requires study of interactions among biological, psychological and social systems

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2
Q

Neural Plasticity

A

To be movable or changeable

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3
Q

Dendrites

A

Receives messages from other cells, works like a mailbox

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4
Q

Terminal Branches of Axon

A

Form junctions with other cells

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5
Q

Axon

A

Passes messages away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles or glands

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6
Q

Neural Impulse

A

To have action potential

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7
Q

Cell Body

A

The cell’s life support center

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8
Q

Myelin Sheath

A

Covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses
Ex. Multiple sclerosis

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9
Q

Chemical info goes…

A

IN

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10
Q

Electrical info…

A

PASSES THROUGH

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11
Q

Multipolar neuron

A

Motor neuron, meaning that it assists with mobility

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12
Q

Acetylcholine (ACH)

A

Plays a role in learning and memory as well as in motor movement and muscle contractions

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13
Q

Dopamine

A

-Related to movement, reward and pleasure systems
- the learning can be hijacked

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14
Q

What disease is an example of having too much dopamine?

A

Schizophrenia

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15
Q

Endorphins

A

-Naturally occurring opiates (painkillers) that are produced in the brain
- can also be hijacked

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16
Q

Agonist

A

-Anything that will increase neurotransmitters action
- usually used in the form of medication

17
Q

Antagonist

A

-Anything that will decrease the neurotransmitters action
- usually used in the form of medication

18
Q

Nervous System

A

A electrochemical communication network consisting of all nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems, basically a giant feedback system

19
Q

Central Nervous System (CNS)

A

Anything of the brain and spinal cord

20
Q

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

A

Anything outside of the CNS, nerves that connect to the arms, legs and organs

21
Q

Autonomic (automatic)

A

Self regulated actions that are out of a persons control, unconscious

22
Q

Somatic

A
  • bodily influence
  • broken into 2 parts of sensory input and motor output
23
Q

Sympathetic (arousing)

A
  • dilated pupils, this happens because you can perceive more visual stimuli
  • accelerated heartbeat
  • inhibit digestion
  • adrenaline produced
  • relaxed bladder
24
Q

Parasympathetic (calming)

A

-pupils contract
- slower heartbeat
- regulate digestion
- bladder contracts

25
Q

Why do people with trauma often need therapy?

A

Because either the parasympathetic or the sympathetic sides are inbalanced so therapy helps to rebalance them, essentially 2 sides of the same coin and hardly compete

26
Q

Sensory INput

A

Things coming into your body and brain, taking IN information

27
Q

Motor OUTput

A

Controls skeletal muscles

28
Q

Sensory Neuron

A

Sensory information coming in, about 2 million of these in the body

29
Q

Motor Neuron

A

Motor output/movement, also about 2 million in the body

30
Q

Interneurons

A
  • BILLIONS in the body
  • adaptive for us, activated in fail/save situations, survival mechanism
  • live in a portion of the spinal cord and will instinctively take over so that information doesn’t need to be processed by the brain first
31
Q

Endocrine System

A

A slow chemical and feedback system of communication, partners with the nervous system

32
Q

Pituitary Gland

A

The master gland that is in charge of all other glands

33
Q

Lesion

A

To kill or damage something

34
Q

EEG

A

Measures electroactivity in the brain and measures brain waves, can also see a reduction. Most commonly used for people who experience seizures

35
Q

MRI

A

A picture in time

36
Q

FMRI

A

A video that tells you what part of the brain is using more or less than usual, a con is that it is very expensive

37
Q

Hindbrain

A
  • most primitive part of the brain
  • the first thing built in the utero
  • made up of the brain stem and spinal cord
  • works like a elevator system
38
Q

Medulla

A
  • at the base of the brainstem
  • regulates hear rate and breathing
  • if you damage this you most likely will not live

Psych 101 Chapter 1 (5 decks)

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