Chapter4: Devleopmental Flashcards
Prenatal Development
- language develops in the utero (preference for mothers voice)
- understanding that other people exist
Teratogen
Something that is a harmful agent to the baby and will typically cross through the placenta
Ex. Drugs, virus, alcohol
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
Strong example of a teratogen that can affect child later on
Ex. Brain development, academics, behavior
What are some psychical indicators of FAS?
- thinner bridge of nose
- large gaps between teeth
- seizures
The 4 Reflexes
- not learned behaviors, natural
- rooting, sucking, startle and grasp
Rooting Reflex
Move towards nipple
Sucking Reflex
Used for food, automatic
Startle Reflex “Moro”
Attention grabber
Grasp Reflex
Used to grab
Do the 4 reflexes stay with a child?
No, they eventually go away but will come back with some conditions like dementia
What is the critical age range for children?
3-6 age range
Why is the 3-6 age range a critical time?
Because that is when rapid, excessive growth in the frontal lobe occurs as well as higher cognition, more language and motor function
Pruning
Trimming away neurons that are not being used
How does plasticity go hand in hand with pruning?
B/c these neurons can be changeable or used for something else
Motor Development
- a universal thing
- goes in the order of sit, crawl, walk and run
- timing varies
Piaget
Known for cognitive development in kids
Schema
A concept to help us organize information
Assimilation
Taking new information but putting it through a already existing schema
Accommodation
To accommodate information, alter schema to incorporate new info
Sensory Motor Stage
Age range of 0-2 bc kids learn through senses and motor output
- concept of object permanence
Pre Operational Stage
- between ages of 2-6/7
- higher order thinking
- learning through language and images
Conservation
Kids lack during the pre op stage
Concrete Operational Stage
Age range of 7-11
Formal Operational Stage
-12+ age range
- more hypothetical, abstract thinking and reasoning
