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Challenge And Change > School Of Thought Theories > Flashcards

School Of Thought Theories Flashcards

1
Q

What are the theories for anthropology (2)

A

Functionalism

Cultural materialism

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2
Q

Functionalism main ideas (2)

A

Cultures are set up to meet physical/psychological needs of members.

Every custom, practice, and institution needs to serve purpose to provide stability.

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3
Q

Functionalism examples (1) ADDICTION

A

ADDICTION— problems in society that aren’t meeting members needs leading to addiction

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4
Q

Cultural materialism main ideas (3)

A

Cultural change on 3 levels

INFASTRUCTURE— how people tend to basic needs of survival/ reproduction ( material, tech, economics, demographics)

STRUCTURE— how culture is organized (class, wealth, politics, law, family)

SUPERSTRUCTURE—ideology of culture (music, art, sports, belief, value, religion).

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5
Q

Cultural materialism Examples (3)ADDICTION

A

ADDICTION —

INFASTRUCTURE: healthcare over prescribing- feeds addicts

Structure: lack of resource due to class in social structure, wealth, or laws

Superstructure: addiction may alter values, beliefs and religions. Music and art can cause influence

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6
Q

Psychology theories (4)

A

Psychoanalytic Theory

Behaviourism

Cognitive psychology/ learning Theory

Humanism

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7
Q

Psychoanalytic (3)

A
  1. ID — impulse, pleasure, satisfaction (devil)
  2. Superego— prompts is to do moral thing(angel)
  3. Ego— attempts to balance and satisfy both (ref)
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8
Q

Psychoanalytic examples (PROSTITUTION)(3)

A

Id— impulse on physical pleasure

Ego— survival tactic

Superego— lack of well developed superego, doesn’t view as wrong

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9
Q

Psychoanalytic examples EATING DISORDER (3)

A

I’d- desire to eat/ look certain way

Superego- do what is healthy

Ego- chooses to over/under eat to satisfy id

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10
Q

Behaviourism main ideals (2)

A

Factors that motivate behaviour

Upbringing has life long influence on character

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11
Q

Behaviourism example PROSTITUTION (3)

A

Need for money

Forced to

Survival

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12
Q

Behaviourism example EATING DISORDER (1)

A

Need to look / feel certain way “perfect”

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13
Q

Cognitive Psychology/ learning theory main idea(3)

A

Study/control way we learn behaviour

Society’s influence on our learned behaviour

Most learned at childhood/adolescents

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14
Q

Cognitive/ learning examples

Eating disorder

(2)

A

Learn our eating habits through our parents from birth

Influenced by friends, celebrities, idols

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15
Q

Humanism main ideas (5)

A

Hierarchy of need :

Self actualization 
Esteem
Love and belonging 
Safety and security 
Physiological needs
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16
Q

Humanism examples

Eating disorders (2)

A

Meet various levels of need through eating

Fix esteem and makeup for lack of physiological needs or others

17
Q

Sociological theories (4)

A

Structural functionalism

Neo-Marxism/ conflict theory

Symbolic interactionism

Feminist theory

18
Q

Structural functionalism main ideas

A

Each institution performs functions to meet needs of individuals

Each member perform specific jobs to meet eachothers needs

Social change upsets function

19
Q

Structural functionalism example

Poverty/homelessness

A

Losing mean of survival (jobs)

Escaping bad family

Born into it

Social services unable to help

OVER ALL POOR FUNCTIONING OF INSTITUTIONS

20
Q

Neo-Marxism/ Conflict Theory main ideas

5

A

Conflict/competition to gain economic power, be in control, better social class

Institutions maintain social division (rich stay rich)

Constant struggle for economic power/ for loss of economic power

AlwYs changing and not everyone can maintain control

Competition creates conflict

21
Q

Conflict theory examples

Homeless/poverty

A

Those with economic power create system that keeps them rich at sake of lower classes

Poor don’t have power to make change

22
Q

Symbolic interactionism main ideas (4)

A

What we observe and how we act

How we process and interpret what we observe

How u see ur self or believe other see u

“Me” true self and “I” displayed self

23
Q

Symbolic interactionism examples

Homeless and poverty (2)

A

Being have it have not

Seen as lazy with bad work ethics when things may just be too expensive

24
Q

Symbolic interactionism examples

Youth crime (3)

A

Want to be percoeved as cool and tough

Dominance and power

Fot in

25
Q

Feminist theory main ideas

A

Most value systems are sexist and dysfunctional

Women’s perspective on how they are perceived as less

Conflict theory for women

26
Q

feminist theory examples

Homeless and poverty

A

Singles Moms may not be able to afford things and end up in poverty

Women get less pay= more likely to be in poverty

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