SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM AND OTHER PSYCHOTIC DISORDERS Flashcards
what is the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia
characterized symptoms + social/occupational dysfuntion + at least 6 months!
What is the difference between hallucinations, illusions and delusions
hallucinations: sensory perception with NO stimuli
illusions: sensory misperceptions of actual stimuli
delusions: fixed false beliefs persisting even with evidence of contrary
what are positive schizophrenia symptoms
exagerations of normal processes:
* hallucinations
* delusions
* disorganized speech
* disorganized behavior
* increased movement
what are negative symptoms in schizophrenia
decreased/absent normal processes:
* deceased movement
* social withdrawal
* anhedonia
* flat affect
* bad hygeine
what is the most common type of hallucination in schizophrenia
auditory
what is delusions of persecution
“someone is out to get me”
“someones judging me”
being poisoned, harrased, stalked, conspired against ect.
what are delusions of grandeur
exaggerations of ones own abilities and importance
what are cotard delusions?
the belief that one does not exist or is dead
aka nihilistic delusion
what is erotomania
delusion that someone is in love with te patient
what are delusions of reference
belief that insignificant remarks/objects have personal meaning
personal messages from TV, newspaper, radio, ect.
what are delusions of control
belief that someone or an external force is controlling your thoughts feelings or behaviour.
what are somatic delusions
belief that ones body is diseased/infested
what is tangentiality
consistent off topic speech where answers are never reached
what is circumstantiality
getting to answers in a roudabout way with uneeded detail
what is derailment
shifting rapidly between topics
what are neologisms
nonsensical words
what is incoherence
word salad
what is clanging
speaking with rhyming or alliteration
what is concrete speech
inability to use abstract thinking
what is preservation of ideas
consistently returning to one topic
what causes the symptoms in schizophrenia
dopamine abnormality (+ symtpoms its increased and - symptoms its decreased)
why do antipsychotics work on schizophrenic patients
because antipsychotics block dopaminergic receptors
what is the major side effect of antipsychotics
- neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- hyperprolactinemia
- anticholinergic SE
- sedation
- extrapyramidal SE
what is the presentation of NMS
- rigidity, fever, AMS, autonomic instability
- HTN crisis
what is the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome
- cooling measures
- supportive
- dopaminergic meds (bromocriptine, dantrolene, amantadine)
what is the diagnostic criteria for brief psychotic disorder
1+ positive psychotic symptoms that is acute onset and lasts 1 day to 1 month
what is the cause of brief psychotic disorder
acute stresor
what is the treatment for brief psychotic disorder
antipsychotics
what is the diagnostic criteria for schizophreniform disorder
- 2+ psychotic symtpoms
- lasts >1 month but <6 months
what is the treatment for schizophreniform disorder
antipsychotics
what is the diagnostic criteria for schizoaffective disorder
- schizophrenia + major mood disorder
- at least a 2 week period where hallucinations and/or delusions are present in the absence of a mood episode.
what is the treatment for schizoaffective disorder
antipsychotics
what is the diagnostic criteria for delusional disorder
- delusions for at least 1 month
- delusions are typically non-bizarre
treatment of delusional disorder
antipsychotics
