Schizophrenia and Other Topics Flashcards
Is psychosis acute or chronic?
Can be either
How is psychosis defined?
Sustained impaired contact with reality due to psychiatric or medical illness
What are positive symptoms in regards to psychosis?
New symptoms to the patient, while negative symptoms are symptoms being taken away from the patient
What are the stages of psychotic disorders?
Prodromal (often not recognized)
Acute (most visible stage)
Residual (recovery)
How is persecutory delusions defined?
being threatened, mistreated, or harmed. A form of paranoia
How is paranoid delusions defined?
someone or something is out to get the person
How is reference delusions defined?
Messages to the person embedded in media
How is control delusions defined?
Others are trying to control thoughts and behaviors
How is somatic delusions defined?
Belief that there is something wrong with the body (bugs, odor, ugly)
How is grandiose delusions defined?
Special powers, wealth, mission, identity
How is nihilistic delusions defined?
Delusion of being dead, not existing, losing body or organs
How is romantic delusions defined?
AKA erotomania - belief that they are loved from afar
How is jealous delusions defined?
Certain that partners have been unfaithful
How is delusions of doubles defined?
AKA capgras syndrome - someone important to the patient has been replaced by an identical duplicate/imposter
What type of hallucination is more common in functional psychoses?
Auditory
What type of hallucinations are more common in secondary psychosis?
Visual and tactile types
How are hallucinations defined?
Perceptions in the absence of external stimuli
Antipsychotics can be used to treat
Schizophrenia
Drug-induced psychoses
Psychotic depression
Augmentation of unipolar depression
Acute mania
Prevention of mood cycles in bipolar disorder
Antipsychotics can aid in improving signs and symptoms of
Hostility
Aggression
Delusions
Hallucinations
Irritability
Poor Sleep
What generation of antipsychotics are efficacious in positive symptom treatment?
First generation
Phenothiazines
Thioxanthenes
Butyrophenones
What generation of antipsychotics are efficacious in positive and negative symptom treatment
Second Generation
What are the side effects of antipsychotics?
Anticholinergic side effects
Autonomic side effects
Electrocardiographic changes
Involuntary movement disorders (EPS)
Metabolic and endocrine effects
What are some positive symptoms commonly seen in Schizophrenia?
Hallucinations, delusions, disorganized speech
What are some of the negative symptoms commonly seen in Schizophrenia?
Diminished sociability, restricted affect, poverty of speech
According to the DSM-5 Criteria for Schizophrenia at least one of the following symptoms need to be present for at least 6 months in order to meet diagnosis criteria?
Delusions
Hallucinations
Disorganized Speech
What is the goal of treatment of Schizophrenia?
Optimize function, prevent suicide, and manage complications
Is there an antipsychotic of choice in the treatment of Schizophrenia?
No
What is the only FDA approved antipsychotic medication approved to treat Schizoaffective Disorder?
Paliperidone (Invega)
