Anxiety Disorders, OCD, and Trauma Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

Are panic attacks a DSM-5 diagnosis in and of itself?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Who are more likely to experience panic attacks?

A

Younger females

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are short term treatments for a panic attack?

A

Limited options, reassurance and positive self-talk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some long-term treatments for panic attack?

A

CBT and relaxation techniques

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In an individual with panic disorder what can precipitate a panic attack?

A

Inhaling CO2 or infusion with sodium bicarb - at high risk or sensitivity to acidotic states

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How does the DSM characterize panic disorder?

A

Recurrent unexpected, unprovoked panic attacks (4 or more)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the treatments for panic disorder?

A

SSRI’s or SNRI’s
Benzodiazapines short term
CBT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How long should you continue a patient with panic disorder on antidepressant therapy after the resolution of symptoms?

A

1-2 years due to the high risk of relapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why should you use caution in prescribing an SSRI in adolescent/children?

A

Increased risk of suicide ideation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the most common anxiety disorder?

A

Phobias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When is the typical onset of phobias?

A

Early adolescents, usually before age 12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Agoraphobia?

A

Fear of public places/places outside the home

Fear around perceived inability to exit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is tyrpanophobia?

A

Fear of needles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Is it common for a patient with social anxiety disorder to self-medicate with ETOH when in public?

A

Yes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What situations are included under the DSM-5 situations for diagnosing agoraphobia?

A

Using public transportation
Bein in open spaces
Being in enclosed spaces
Standing in line or crowd
Being outside the home alone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the treatments for phobias?

A

Desensitization (gradually introducing fear)
Flooding (rapid, intense exposure)
CBT
Medications- SSRI’s are preferred

17
Q

What SSRI is considered first line in the treatment for agoraphobia or social anxiety?

A

Paroxetine (Paxil)

18
Q

What medication treatment can be used for performance anxiety?

A

Propranolol

19
Q

What other disorders is Generalized Anxiety Disorder frequently associated with?

A

Major Depression and SUD

20
Q

What neurotransmitters are impaired in GAD?

A

Norepinephrine
GABA
5-HT

21
Q

What symptoms are associated with GAD?

A

Restlessness, edgy
Easy fatigability
Difficulty with concentration
Irritability
Muscle tension
Disrupted sleep

22
Q

What is the goal of treatment in GAD?

A

Control of symptoms, complete abatement is rare

23
Q

What is the treatment options for GAD?

A

CBT (most effective)
Medications - SSRI’s (Paroxitine) and anxiolytics (Buspiron)

24
Q

What brain anatomy structures have been found to be impaired on brain autopsy in patients with OCD?

A

Basal Ganglia and Prefrontal Cortex

25
Q

What environmental association has been linked to OCD?

A

PANDAS due to streptococcal infections in pediatric patients

26
Q

What are some common compulsions in OCD?

A

Handwashing, cleaning
Double, triple checking
Counting
Seeking/demanding reassurance
Organizing
Following a strict routine

27
Q

What is the cornerstone of treatment in OCD?

A

Exposure to stimuli and prevention of response (ERP)

28
Q

What SSRI is especially approved in the treatment of OCD?

A

Flovoxamine

29
Q

What other psychiatric conditions is Body Dysmorphic Disorder associated with?

A

Social phobia
Major depression
Suicide

30
Q

What is Trichotillomania?

A

“Hair Pulling Disease” and may involve any site with hair

31
Q

When will adjustment disorder commonly resolve?

A

Usually within 6 months of termination of the stressor with or without treatment

32
Q

Is PTSD more common in men or women?

A

Women

33
Q

What are risk factors for PTSD?

A

Younger age
History of Psychiatric illness
Decreased social support
Victim of stressful event
Severity and duration of stressor
Low SES
Family history of depression

34
Q

What neurotransmitters are disrupted in PTSD?

A

Norepinephrine
Dopamine
5-HT

35
Q

What other physiologic disruptions are associated with PTSD?

A

Noradrenergic dysfunction
Endogenous opioids
Benzodiazapine receptors
Endocrine dysfunction

36
Q

What is the first line medication treatment for PTSD?

A

SSRI’s (Paroxetine and Sertraline)

37
Q

What medication can be used to treat nightmares in PTSD?

A

Prazosin (alpha-adrenergic blocker)

38
Q

Is dissociation a unconscious or conscious defense mechanism?

A

Unconscious