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Psych > Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders > Flashcards

Schizophrenia and Other Psychotic Disorders Flashcards

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1
Q

What are positive symptoms for schizophrenia?

A

psychotic behaviors NOT seen in healthy people – DELUSIONS, HALLUCINATIONS, DISORGANIZED THINKING, ABN MOTOR BEHAVIOR (CATAPLEXY)

**these can come and go

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2
Q

people with positive symptoms often ….

A

lose touch with reality

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3
Q

time frame needed to make a diagnosis of schizophrenia

A

must have symptoms for 6 mos or longer

*active phase with prominent psychotic symptoms > 1 month

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4
Q

what are negative symptoms of schizophrenia

A

disruptions of normal behavior and emotions–
flat affect
lack of pleasure
lack of ability to begin and sustain planned activites
speaking little

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5
Q

What is avolition

A

dec in motivation and self-sustained purposeful activity

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6
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder. relevant time frames

A

major mood disorder concurrent with schizophreania-like psychosis

psychotic symptoms are present for >2 weeks (when the mood disorder absent)

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7
Q

what is alogia

A

diminished speech output

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8
Q

pts who recover faster after being given the diagnosis of schizophrenia are called

A

schizophreniform disorder

i.e. LESS THAN 6 MONTH DURATION OF SYMPTOMS

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9
Q

what is delusional disorder

A

normal appearing person with bizzare delusions

>1mo

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10
Q

What is a brief psychotic disorder?

A

transient psychosis that is brought on by stress

<1mo

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11
Q

what are 5 common psychotic disorders common in medical setting

A
  1. substance/medication induced psychotic disorder
  2. psychotic disorder due to general medical condition
  3. catatonia
  4. delerium
  5. dementia
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12
Q

when after admin of meds or abuse of drugs can a substance/medication induced psychotic disorder

A

during or soon after intoxication or withdrawal from substance/med

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13
Q

what are examples of medical conditions that can induce a psychotic disorder

A

malignant lung CA
MS
brain injury
hypothyroidism

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14
Q

dementia tbales 44.1 and 44.2

*DIDN’t ADD THESE BC THIS WOULD BE 100 SLIDES

A

ch 44 pg 352 to 58

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15
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which there is a loss of meaning due to random connections/loose association between ideas

A

derailment

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16
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which there is responses to questions are only partially or remotely connected to the topic

A

tangential

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17
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which there is a excessively detailed speech or circuitous speech, yet still response to the question

A

circumstantial

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18
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which there is a creation of words with unique meaning only understood by the individual

A

neologism

19
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which the person loses track of the goals of speech and are not able to return to the topic

A

blocking

20
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which there is a complete disregard for conventions of word usage, grammar (= incoherence)

A

word salad

21
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which the sounds of words, instead of meanings or conventions determine the flow of speech

A

clanging

22
Q

name of abnormal thought form in which there is a repetition of words or phrases

A

perservation

23
Q

What are the phases of schizophrenia

A

prodromal –> active –> residual

24
Q

in which phase of schizophrenia are delusions common

A

active

**absent in residual

25
Q

which phase of schizophrenia are negative symptoms prominent?

A

residual

26
Q

is delerium run a persistant or fluctuating course

A

fluctuating

**must observe for multiple days bc periods of transient improvement may be mistaken for resolution

27
Q

cardinal feature of delerium

A

distractibility

28
Q

Cognitive symptoms associated with schizophrenia?

A
  • impaired focus & attention
  • marked deficits in working memory
  • impaired decision makes (higher functions)
29
Q

When is schizophrenia usually treated?

A

ctive phase, when psychotic symptoms appear

30
Q

When does schizophrenia typically present?

A

adolescence or young adulthood

31
Q

Diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia?

A

Need two criteria to be met:
i. Active phase w/ prominent psychotic symptoms lasting > 1 month, unless symptoms are interrupted by treatment

ii. A total duration of symptoms, regardless of phase >6 months

32
Q

Neuroanatomical changes in schizophrenia?

A
  • ↓ BF to frontal lobes
  • Thinning of medial temporal lobe cortex, frontal cortex, & small ant. portions of hippocampus
  • Enlarged lateral and 3rd ventricles
33
Q

What is schizoaffective disorder?

A

Major mood disorder concurrent w/ schizophrenia-like psychosis

34
Q

What are the clinical features of delirium? (TABLE 45.1)

A
  • acute
  • fluctuating (may be “sundowning”)
  • impaired attention (distracted)
  • altered level of consciousness
  • memory deficits (autobiogr usually ok)
  • disoriented
  • disorganized thoughts
  • perceptual disturbances (usually vision/hearing)
  • paranoid/bizarre delusions
  • abn speech + psychomotor
  • sleep abn
  • abn affect (anxiety, depr, flat, etc)

**sorry, I dont know what to do with this

35
Q

Risk factors for delirium?

A
  • extremes of age
  • Preexisting medical conditions
  • Baseline poor health or disability
  • Environmental conditions (sensory deprivation, meaningless stim., overstimulation)
36
Q

Frontal lobe/prefrontal cortex changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A
  • inattention + thought disorganization
  • delusions, perceptual disturbances
  • disorientation/memory deficits
  • language impairments, psychomotor disturbances
37
Q

Basal ganglia/thalamus/hippocampus changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A
  • inattention, thought disorganization
  • delusions, perceptual disturbances
  • disorientation/memory deficits
  • disturbances in affect
  • psychomotor disturbances
38
Q

Cingulate gyrus changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A

psychomotor disturbances

language impairments

39
Q

Temporal lobe changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A
  • delusions, perceptual disturbances

- memory deficits

40
Q

Parietal lobe changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A
  • inattention

- delusions, perceptual disturbances, disorientation

41
Q

Occipital lobe changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A

perceptual disturbances

42
Q

Brainstem changes associated with clinical features of delirium?

A

inattention, altered level of consciousness, sleep disturbances

43
Q

NT increased/decreased in delirium?

A
  • deficiency of ACh
  • excess of DA, NE, GC, cytokines (IL1, IL6, TNFa)
  • incr/decr of 5HT, histamine, GABA, glutamate
44
Q

Management of Delirium?

A
  • treat underlying
  • modification of risk factors
  • environmental (relaxing conditions, etc)
  • meds (antipsychotics, short-acting benzo’s & nonbenzo hypnotics)

Psych (10 decks)

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