Schizophrenia Flashcards
What are the 5 schizophrenia spectrum disorders?
- brief psychotic disorder
- psychosis drug-induced/general med condition
- schizophreniform
- schizoaffective disorder
- Schizophrenia
What is schizophrenia characterized by?
psychosis
What is altered in schizophrenia?
- cognition
- perception
- reality
What is the criteria for a diagnosis of schizophrenia?
- 2 or more of the following for a sig portion of time in 1 month:
1. Delusions - fixed false belief.
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech
4. Gross disorganization or catatonia
5. Negative symptoms (diminished emotional expression or avolition)
6. Functional impairment of some kind - continuous disturbance for at least 6 months
What sex is more affected by schizophrenia?
male
What is the prodromal phase of schizophrenia?
- mild changes
- obsessive thought
- social withdrawal
- poor concentration
What is the acute phase of schizophrenia?
- exacerbation of symptoms
- difficulty coping
- hallucinations
What is the stabilization phase of schizophrenia?
- symptoms diminishing
2. movement toward previous level of functioning.
What is the maintenance or residual phase of schizophrenia?
new baseline is established
What is associative looseness with schizophrenia?
word salad - most etreme form; jumble of words meaningless to a listener
What is clang association with schizophrenia?
words chosen based on sound
What is neologisms with schizophrenia?
meaning for the patient only
What is echolalia with schizophrenia?
pathological repetition of another’s words.
What is circumstantiality with schizophrenia?
Including unnecessary and often tedious details in conversation, but eventually reaching the point.
What is tangentiality with schizophrenia?
Wandering off topic or going off on tangents and never reaching the point.
What is cognitive retardation with schizophrenia?
Generalized slowing of thinking, which is represented by delays in responding to questions or difficulty finishing thoughts.
What is pressured speech with schizophrenia?
Urgent or intense and resists comments from others.
What is flight of ideas with schizophrenia?
Moving rapidly from one thought to the next, often making it difficult for others to follow the conversation.
What is symbolic speech with schizophrenia?
Using symbols instead of direct communication. For example, a patient reports “demons are sticking needles in me” when what he means is that he is experiencing a sharp pain (symbolized by “needles”).
What is thought blocking with schizophrenia?
interruption of thoughts
What is thought insertion with schizophrenia?
someone has inserted thoughts
What is thought deletion with schizophrenia?
thoughts have been taken
What is magical thinking with schizophrenia?
thoughts affect others. They have the magical power to affect others.
What is paranoia with schizophrenia?
irrational fear. Sometimes they will harm others.
Define depersonalization
A feeling of being unreal or having lost identity. Body parts do not belong or the body has drastically changed.
define derealization
A feeling that the environment has changed.
What are hallucinations?
Hallucinations involve perceiving a sensory experience for which no external stimulus exists.
what are command hallucinations?
A command hallucination is a particularly disturbing symptom that directs the person to take an action.
what are illusions?
Illusions are misperceptions or misinterpretations of a real experience.
What are some alterations in behavior when someone has schizophrenia?
- Catatonia
- Motor retardation
- Motor agitation
- Stereotyped behaviors
- Waxy flexibility
- Echopraxia
- Negativism
- Impaired impulse control
- Gesturing or posturing
- Boundary impairment
define anhedonia:
A reduced ability or inability to experience pleasure in everyday life.
define avolition:
Loss of motivation; difficulty beginning and sustaining goal-directed activities
define asociality:
Decreased desire for, or comfort during, social interaction
define affective blunting:
Reduced or constricted affect.