Psychotropic medications Flashcards
1
Q
What is diazepam (valium)?
A
anti-anxiety. Benzodiazepine
2
Q
What is clonazepam (klonopin)?
A
anti-anxiety. Benzodiazepine
3
Q
What is alprazolam (Xanax)?
A
anti-anxiety. Benzodiazepine
4
Q
What is lorazepam (Ativan)?
A
anti-anxiety. Benzodiazepine
5
Q
What is Buspirone (BuSpar)?
A
anti-anxiety.
6
Q
Is Buspirone (BuSpar) a benzodiazepine?
A
no
7
Q
What is Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)?
A
anti-anxiety.
8
Q
What class is Hydroxyzine (Vistaril)?
A
antihistamine
9
Q
What are 3 hypnotic medications?
A
- Zolpidem (Ambien)
- Zaleplon (Sonata)
- Eszopiclone (Lunesta)
10
Q
What class are zolpidem, zaleplon, eszopiclone part of?
A
Short-acting sedative-hypnotic sleep agents
11
Q
true or false: psychiatric meds require not so close monitoring
A
false; they require close monitoring.
12
Q
Can antidepressants be used to treat anxiety disorders?
A
yes
13
Q
What are the 4 classes of antidepressants?
A
- Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
- Serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs)
- Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
14
Q
What class is Fluoxetine (prozac)?
A
SSRI
15
Q
What class is Sertraline (Zoloft)?
A
SSRI
16
Q
What class is Paroxetine (Paxil)?
A
SSRI
17
Q
What class is Citalopram (Celexa)?
A
SSRI
18
Q
What class is Escitalopram (Lexapro)?
A
SSRI
19
Q
What class is Fluvoxamine (Luvox)?
A
SSRI
20
Q
What class is Venlafaxine (Effexor)?
A
SNRI
21
Q
What class is Nortriptyline (Pamelor)?
A
TCAs
22
Q
What class is Amitriptyline (Elavil)?
A
TCAs
23
Q
What class is Imipramine (Tofranil)?
A
TCAs
24
Q
What class is Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
A
MAOIs
25
What class is Phenelzine (Nardil)
MAOIs
26
What class is Selegiline (EMSAM)
MAOIs
27
What class is Tranylcypromine (Parnate)
MAOIs
28
What class is lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid)?
mood stabilizer
29
What is important to know about lithium (Eskalith, Lithobid)?
narrow therapeutic window
30
What are first generation antipsychotic meds known as?
1. typical
| 2. conventional
31
How do first generation antipsychotic meds work?
Antagonists of muscarinic receptors for
1. Acetylcholine
2. Norepinephrine
3. Histamine
32
What are significant side effects of 1st generation antipsychotic meds?
1. Weight gain
| 2. sedation
33
What are 2nd Generation Antipsychotic medications known as?
atypical antipsychotics
34
What are 2nd Generation Antipsychotic medications antagonists for?
D2 (dopamine) and 5-HT2A (serotonin)
35
What do 2nd Generation Antipsychotic medications target?
positive and negative symptoms
36
what are 2nd Generation Antipsychotic medications often used as?
first-line treatment
37
what do 2nd Generation Antipsychotic medications produce fewer of?
fewer extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)
38
What is a main side effect of 2nd Generation Antipsychotic medications?
increased metabolic syndrome
39
Clozapine (Clozaril)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
40
Risperidone (Risperdal)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
41
Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
42
Olanzapine (Zyprexa, Zyprexa Relprevv)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
43
What is the class of Ziprasidone (Geodon)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
44
What is the class of Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics:
45
What is the class of Lurasidone (Latuda)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics:
46
Valbenazine (Ingrezza)
Extrapyramidal disorders
47
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Extrapyramidal disorders
48
Benztropin (Cogentin)
Extrapyramidal disorders
49
What is the indication for Methylphenidate (Ritalin, Daytrana)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
50
What is the indication for Dextroamphetamine (Adderall, Vyvanse)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
51
What is the indication for Atomoxetine (Strattera)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
52
What is the indication for Guanfacine (Intuniv)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
53
What is the indication for Clonidine (Kapay)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
54
What class is Valproate (Depakote, Depakene)?
Anticonvulsant drugs - mood stabilizer
55
What class is Carbamazepine (Equetro, Tegretol)
Anticonvulsant drugs - mood stabilizer
56
What class is Lamotrigine (Lamictal)
Anticonvulsant drugs - mood stabilizer
57
What class is Gabapentin (Neurontin)
Anticonvulsant drugs - mood stabilizer
58
What class is Haloperidol (Haldol)?
(1st gen) Antipsychotics
59
What class is Fluphenazine (Prolixin)?
(1st gen) Antipsychotics
60
What class is Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)?
(1st gen) Antipsychotics
61
What class is Perphenazine (Trilafon)?
(1st gen) Antipsychotics
62
What class is Clozapine (Clozaril)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
63
What class is Risperidone (Risperdal)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
64
What class is Quetiapine (Seroquel)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
65
What class is Olanzapine (Zyprexa, Zyprexa Relprevv)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
66
What class is Ziprasidone (Geodon)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics
67
What class is Aripiprazole (Abilify)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics:
68
What class is Lurasidone (Latuda)
Second-Generation Atypical Antipsychotics:
69
What class is Valbenazine (Ingrezza)
Extrapyramidal disorders
70
What class is Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Extrapyramidal disorders
71
What class is Benztropin (Cogentin)
Extrapyramidal disorders
72
What is the indication of use for Tacrine (Cognex)
Alzheimer’s Type Dementia
73
What class is Tacrine (Cognex)
Cholinesterase inhibitors (slow the degradation of acetylcholine)
74
What is the indication of use for Donepezil (Aricept)
Alzheimer’s Type Dementia
75
What class is Donepezil (Aricept)
Cholinesterase inhibitors (slow the degradation of acetylcholine)
76
What is the indication of use for Galantamine (Razadyne)
Alzheimer’s Type Dementia
77
What class is Galantamine (Razadyne)
Cholinesterase inhibitors (slow the degradation of acetylcholine)
78
What is the indication of use for Rivastigmine (Exelon)?
Alzheimer’s Type Dementia
79
What class is Rivastigmine (Exelon)
Cholinesterase inhibitors (slow the degradation of acetylcholine)
80
What is the indication of use for Memantine (Namenda, Namenda XR)
Alzheimer’s Type Dementia
81
What class is Memantine (Namenda, Namenda XR)
Cholinesterase inhibitors (slow the degradation of acetylcholine)
82
What are the indications of use for lurasidone (Latuda)?
1. schizophrenia - for treatment of adults and adolescents aged 13-17 years
2. bipolar disorder
83
What receptors does lurasidone (Latuda) affect?
blocks receptors for dopamine and serotonin.
84
What are adverse effects of lurasidone (Latuda)?
1. Not approved for patients diagnosed with dementia-related psychosis
2. Suicidal thoughts
3. Nausea
4. Vomiting
5. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome
6. Agranulocytosis
7. Diarrhea
8. Dyslipidemia
9. Increased blood glucose
10. Tardive dyskinesia
85
What are nursing actions for lurasidone (Latuda)?
1. Monitor for mood changes
2. Assess for suicidal ideation
3. Monitor for NMS
4. Monitor for signs of tardive dyskinesia
- -> Involuntary/abnormal movement of jaw, lips, and tongue
86
What is important patient teaching for lurasidone (Latuda)?
1. Patient must take each dose with 350 calories for better absorption
2. Educate patient (and family) to immediately report any signs of suicidal thoughts or changes in behavior
3. Avoid high-alert and high-energy activities
4. Patient must avoid grapefruit juice
87
What are uses for risperidone?
1. Schizophrenia
2. Acute manic or mixed episodes
associated with Bipolar I Disorder
3. Maintenance treatment of Bipolar I
Disorder
4. Irritability associated with autistic disorder
88
What are uses for ziprasidone?
1. Schizophrenia
2. Bipolar I Disorder, Acute or manic episodes
3. Can be used as a lithium adjunct (for Bipolar I Disorder)
