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Exam 4 > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

1
Q

What type of disorder is a chronic, severe mental disorder that affects a persona ability to think clearly (reality is abnormal)

A

Schizophrenia

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2
Q

When would subtle signs start to appear?

Sever signs?

A
  • -A person may have a normal childhood
  • -subtle signs at puberty
  • -severe signs late teens, early adulthood
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3
Q

Schizophrenia is linked to CNS irregularities, which causes defects in which part of the brain?

A

corpus callosum

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4
Q

What risk factors are associated with schizophrenia?

A
  • -Genetic
  • -no prenatal care/birth complications
  • -advanced PATERNAL age
  • -no social communication
  • -double bind theory
  • -bidirectional influence
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5
Q

What is the double bind theory?

A
  • -Two conflicting levels of communication
  • -i.e. mother tells kid to be spontaneous, the kid acts spontaneously, he is not acting spontaneously because he is following his mothers direction.
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6
Q

What is bidirectional influence?

A

–parents and children mutually influence each other
–child reacts to parent, parent responds to child
“theory that bad parents, produce bad kids. and good parents produce good kids”

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7
Q

What are some ways to prevent Schizophrenia?

A
  • -reduce stress
  • -adequate sleep
  • -Avoid illegal drug use
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8
Q

What are some Positive clinical manifestations with Schizophrenia?

A
  • -hallucinations (usually auditory)
  • -Delusions (false beliefs)
  • -thought disorders (disorganized thinking)
  • -disorganized behavior (bizarre, overreact, poor impulse control)
  • -movement disorders (catatonia)
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9
Q

What are some negative symptoms of Schizophrenia?

A
  • -anhedonia
  • -alogia
  • -avolition
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10
Q

What is catatonia?

A

state of immobility or stupor (pt. is awake but does not more or respond to stimuli)

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11
Q

What is anhedonia?

A

inability to feel pleasure

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12
Q

What is alogia?

A

cannot speak (due to mental defect, confusion)

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13
Q

What is Avolition?

A

Lack of motivation to do anything

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14
Q

What are 3 related disorders to schizophrenia?

A
  • -Schizoaffective disorder
  • -brief psychotic disorder
  • -Schizophreniform disorder
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15
Q

How long does a brief psychotic disorder last?

A

1 day to 1 month

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16
Q

How long can symptoms last in Schizophreniform disorder last?

A

1-6 months

17
Q

Early onset Schizophrenia (EOS) affects 4% of sufferers. There is risk for greater childhood maladjustment and can lead to ___ delays, more ____, and fewer _____.

A
  • -developmental delays
  • -more hallucinations
  • -fewer delusions
18
Q

There is no single test for Schizophrenia. What diagnostic tests can be used in a patient with Schizophrenia?

A
  • -Psychological evaluation
  • -Blood tests
  • -Image studies
19
Q

What is the primary goal with pharm therapy?

A

Reduce positive psychotic symptoms with lowest possible dosage

20
Q

What are two typical antipsychotics that may be prescribed?

A
  • -Chlorpromazine

- -Haloperidol

21
Q

What are adverse effects of Chlorpromazine, and Haloperidol?

A
  • -Hypotension
  • -sudden cardiac death
  • -neuroleptic malignant syndrome
  • -impotence
  • -dyskinesia, dystonia
22
Q

How can antipsychotic side effects be counteracted?

A
  • -stop meds

- -administer anticholinergics and benzos

23
Q

what are 3 atypical antipsychotics that treat positive and negative symptoms?

A
  • -Clozapine
  • -Risperidone
  • -Olanzapine
24
Q

Adherence to medication regimen is a challenge for these patients they may….

A

relapse or have worsening symptoms

25
Q

Non pharm therapy related to psychiatric/psychosocial rehabilitation are:

A
  • -increase skill levels
  • -promote success in daily living
  • -assist clients to make decisions about care/treatment
26
Q

Nurses contribute to Psychiatric/Psychosocial rehabilitation with the patient. The nurse should…

A
  • -be sympathetic/empathetic
  • -ensure client follows tx. regimen
  • -Teaches skills
  • -help pt. find support in community
27
Q

What is assertive community service?

A

Proactive process of delivering individually tailored services for the pt.

28
Q

When and why would hospitalization be required for a pt. with schizophrenia?

A
  • -initial psychotic episode
  • -give meds to bring symptoms under control
  • -violence towards others/self
29
Q

What are 3 kind of alternative/complimentary therapies for the pt?

A
  • -Transcranial magnetic stimulation
  • -Omega 3
  • -Aromatherapy
30
Q

during the health history portion of the assessment the nurse should document…

A
  • -early behaviors
  • -direct observations
  • -Interview family members
  • -cultural influences
31
Q

During the Physical exam portion the nurse will document…

A
  • -overall physical condition
  • -malnutrition
  • -drug/alcohol use
  • -meds
32
Q

the nurse will perform a mental status evaluation, and synthesize assessment data. The nurse will document…

A
  • -how the pt. functions in daily life (i.e work)
  • -what are skills/talents
  • -Stability
  • -how well client communicates
  • -How well client gets along with others
33
Q

What are 3 nursing Dx. that can be assigned to this patient?

A
  • -Risk for injury
  • -Imbalanced nutrition (less than)
  • -Risk for imbalanced nutrition (more than)
  • -ineffective health maintenance
  • -self care deficit
34
Q

For clients experiencing psychosis, what are 3 nursing dx. for the pt.?

A
  • -risk for suicide
  • -risk for self directed violence
  • -risk for other directed violence
35
Q

when implementing care the nurse should include…

A
  • -prevent injury (SAFETY)
  • -provide symptomatic tx.
  • -educate client and family
  • -demonstrate client advocacy
36
Q

To prevent injury the nurse should…

A
  • -administer antipsychotic meds, as ordered
  • -ensure safe surroundings
  • -reduce stimuli
  • -use restraints, if necessary
37
Q

To provide symptomatic tx. the nurse should…

A
  • -control current symptoms
  • -orient to time, place
  • -remain calm
  • -provide consistency
  • -reduce stimuli
  • -make sure to tell the client before you touch them
38
Q

To educate the client and family, the nurse should…

A
  • -evaluate current family communication
  • -encourage effective coping strategies
  • -healthy behaviors
  • -promote social skills, job training
  • -provide positive reinforcement
39
Q

The nurse needs to demonstrate client advocacy, the nurse should….

A

encourage client develop advanced directive when schizo under control

Exam 4 (10 decks)

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