Schizophrenia

Question 1

how are Sx in schizophrenia categorised

Answer 1

negative Sx

positive Sx

Question 2

what are negative Sx

Answer 2

apathy
lack of volition/motivation
social withdrawal
cognitive impairment

Question 3

what are positive Sx

Answer 3

delusions
hallucinations
thought disorder

Question 4

what is the ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia (one of these symptoms headline)

Answer 4

One of these symptoms:

• thought interference, thought insertion or withdrawal, thought broadcasting
• passivity phenomena (belief that someone is no longer in control of their own body)
• hallucinatory voices giving running commentary, discussing patient or coming from part of the body
• impossible persistent delusions

for at least one month

Question 5

what is the ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia (two of these symptoms headline)

Answer 5

OR

• Formal thought disorder
• Catatonic behaviour
• Negative symptoms
• Loss of interest, idleness, self-absorbed attitude, social withdrawal

for at least one month

Question 6

what are Schneider’s first rank symptoms

Answer 6

thoughts spoken aloud
running commentary
third person voices

delusional perception

thought withdrawal
thought broadcasting
thought insertion

Passivity phenomena: feeling explained by delusions = acts, impulses, volition, feelings controlled by an outside agency

Question 7

what is a delusion

Answer 7

A fixed belief, not amenable to logical thought or argument
Did not come about through logical means
Not a cultural or subcultural belief

Question 8

what type of delusions can you get schizophrenia

Answer 8

bizarre
paranoid
grandiose
nihilistic

Question 9

what emotional disorders are seen in schizophrenia

Answer 9

Blunting of affect- limited range of emotion, lack of emotional sensitivity/connection to surroundings

Incongruent affect- affect incongruent with circumstances- e.g. Laughing at sad story

Apathy- lack of feelings/care about things

Lack of motivation/volition

Anhedonia

Lack of interest in relationships/being sociable, lack of social skills

Question 10

what was seen a lot in schizophrenia patients before anti-psychotic drugs were developed

Answer 10

catatonia

Question 11

what is catatonia

Answer 11

State of increased tone in muscles at rest, abolished by voluntary activities.

Stupor (unresponsiveness)

Hyperactivity- non-goal directed

Mutism (no speech)

Question 12

what are signs of a good prognosis of schizophrenia

Answer 12

Older age of onset
Female gender
Marked mood disturbance esp elation
Family history of mood disorder

Question 13

what are signs of poor prognosis of schizophrenia

Answer 13

Longer duration of untreated psychosis
Poor pre-morbid adjustment
Insidious onset
Early onset  -  childhood / adolescence
Cognitive impairment
Enlarged ventricles