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Psychiatry - Chloe > Schizophrenia > Flashcards

Schizophrenia Flashcards

0
Q

Is schizophrenia more common in men or women?

A

Men

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1
Q

What is the lifetime risk of developing schizophrenia?

A

0.5-1%

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2
Q

What is the average age of onset

A

Around 20-30 tends to be younger in men

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3
Q

What the definition of schizophrenia?

A

Mental disorder characterised by distortion of thinking and perception associated with blunted affect

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4
Q

What is paranoid schizophrenia?

A

Often with persecutarory delusions

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5
Q

What is hebaphrenic schizophrenia?

A

Has more negative symptoms with changeable delusions and fleeting hallucinations

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6
Q

What does avolition mean?

A

Lack of motivation/ interest in life

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7
Q

What are schniders first rank principles?

A

Delusional perception
3rd person auditory hallucinations
Thought echo insertion withdrawal
Passivity (somatic and made)

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8
Q

Why percentage of people with schniders first rank symptoms?

A

20%

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9
Q

Too much dopamine is what part of te brain gives positive symptoms?

A

Mesolimbic system

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10
Q

Antipsychotics affect dopaminergic transmission in 3 main areas, what are they and what affects to antipsychotics cause?

A

Mesolimbic / mesocortical- antipsychotic
Substantia nigra - epse
Tubero-infundibular - prolactin secretion

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11
Q

What are the triad of symptoms in psychosis

A

Thought disorder
Delusion
Hallucination

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12
Q

What are schniders first rank principles?

A

3rd person auditory hallucinations
Thought echo, insertion, withdrawal, broadcast
Passivity (somatic and made)
Delusional perception

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13
Q

What is the concordance rate of schizophrenia in MZ twins?

A

50%

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14
Q

What is the difference between schizophrenia and delusional disorder?

A

Delusional disorder only has a delusion no hallucinations of blunted affect of other signs of schizophrenia, or delusion of control

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15
Q

Is interlectual capacity maintained in schizophrenia?

A

Yes

16
Q

Why do antipsychotic drugs cause galactorrhoea?

A

They block dopamine receptors

Dopamine normally inhibits prolactin secretion

17
Q

What are the symptoms of hyperprolactinaemia?

A 
Amenhorrea 
Galactorrhoea
Infertility 
Loss of libido
Breast enlargement 
Reduced bone density
18
Q

Which drugs are bad for hyperprolactinaemia?

Why?

A

Typical antipsychotics
Rispiridone /amisulpride

They have a greater affinity to D2 receptors

19
Q

What are the three mains categories of EPSEs?

A

Parkinson’s like symptoms
Dystonia
Akathesia

20
Q

what can you use to treat EPSEs?

A

Anticholinergics for dystonia and Parkinson’s type symptoms

For akathesia reduce or stop medications

21
Q

Antipsychotics can cause withdrawal symptoms, what are they?

A

Nausea vomiting diarrhoea

Dizzy

Tremor

22
Q

What is the only antipsychotic to reduce prolactin?

A

Aripiprazole

23
Q

Which antipsychotic causes hyper salivation?

A

Clozapine

24
Q

Which antipsychotics are less likely to cause weight gain?

A

Aripiprazole
Amisulpride
Haloperidol
Trifluphenazine

25
Q

Which antipsychotic has least effect on the QT interval?

A

Aripiprazole

26
Q

Which generation of antipsychotics are best at treating negative symptoms?

A

Second generation

27
Q

Which antipsychotics have the lowest risk of sexual dysfunction?

A

Aripiprazole

Quetiapine

28
Q

What are the triad of symptoms in psychosis?

A

Thought disorder
Hallucination
Delusions

29
Q

How long to schizophrenic symptoms need to be present for a diagnosis ?

A

1 month

30
Q

How long are antipsychotics continued for after recovery?

A

1-2 years

31
Q

What psychological therapies are indicated in schizophrenia?

A

CBT
Family therapy
Arts therapy

32
Q

What psychosocial interventions may be used in schizophrenia?

A

Supported employment
Reduced expressed aemotions
Recognise release signature

33
Q

What is the prognosis for schizophrenia?

A

20% full recovery
35% long periods of remission
35% persistent mild symptoms
10% completely unresponsive

34
Q

What premier if factors predict a poor prognosis in schizophrenia?

A

Poor work Hx
Poor achievement at school
Social problems

35
Q

Which has a worse prognosis in schizophrenia slow onset or quick onset?

A

Slow onset and delay in treatment

36
Q

How long does the psychosis need to behind before depression in schizoaffective disorder?

A

2 weeks

Psychiatry - Chloe (11 decks)

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