Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychiatry - Chloe > Depression > Flashcards

Depression Flashcards

0
Q

How long do depression symptoms need to be present for to make it depression?

A

2 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

What are the three core symptoms of depression?

A

Persistent low mood
Anhedonia
Fatigue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the common side effects of antidepressants?

A 
GI upset 
Sleep effects 
Agitation 
Sexual dysfunction
Hyponataemia
GI bleed (antiplatelet activity)
Suidical risk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

With MAOI inhibitors what foods can you eat and why?

A

Tyramine rich foods so cheese, red wine, bovril

Can cause a hypertensive crisis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What factors might suggest that CBT should be used over pharmacological methods?

A

Pt has mild/moderate depression
Pt is willing to think about psych issues
Willing to engage and carry out homework (motivated)
Pt would prefer psych treatment over pharma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

All the standard antidepressants used in psych are
monoamine reuptake inhibitors
or
monoamineoxidase inhibitors?

A

Mono amine reputake inhibitors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Name some mono amines

A 
Histamine 
Dopamine 
Noradrenaline 
Adrenaline 
Melatonin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Name some catecholamines?

A

Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
Dopamine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How long should someone stay on antidepressant treatment after they have recovered from their first episode?

A

6-9 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

If someone has multiple episodes how long should they stay on antidepressant therapy for?

A

2 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why does someone need antidepressant therapy after they have recovered?
How effective is this?

A

To reduce the rate if relapse

Cuts relapse rates by 50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

If the therapy isn’t working what are the first things you should do?

A

Compliance
Increase to max dose
Review the case for correct diagnosis and ask about perpetuating factors eg social issues/ alcohol / drugs etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

If he antidepressant therapy still doesn’t work what are your options?

A

Switch drug to SSRI or mirtrazapine then
Add lithium in severe depression
Add mirtrazapine
Add antipsychotic ( (psychotic symptoms/ agitated/ insomnia)
Add CBT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

If the depression is multi drug resistant what treatment options are there?

A

ECT

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When else might ECT be the best form of treatment?

A

When you need a quick response to treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

If someone has had one depressive episode what is the likelyhood that they will have another?

A

50%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Is the management of depression in bipolar disorder the same a unipolar depression?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the features of serotonin syndrome?

A

1)Autonomic dysfunction, 2)neuromuscular hyperactivity,
3) altered mental state
So
Tachycardia
Sweating
Shivering
Hyperthermia
Hyperreflexia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name some seretonergic drugs?

A

MAOI
Ltryptophan
Lithium
St johns wort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What do SSRIs do?

A

Block the reputake transporters in the pre synapse to leave more seretonin in the cleft

20
Q

Name some SSRIs

A 
Citolopram
Escitalopram
Fluoxetine 
Fluvoxamine malfeate
Paroxetine
Sertraline
21
Q

What are SNRIs?

A

Seretonin and noradrenaline reputake inhibitors

22
Q

Name an SNRI?

A

Venlefaxine

23
Q

What are SSRIs better that TCAs

A

Less side effects and less toxic in an overdose

24
Q

What is the antidepressant most likely to cause hyponatraemia?
And in which patient group?

A

SSRI

Elderly

25
Q

Which of the SSRIs is most likely to give withdrawal effects?

A

Paroxcitine

26
Q

What is the medical name of at johns wort?

A

Hypericum

27
Q

Why do doctors advice against at johns wort?

A

Less well researched
Various strengths for sale
Interferes with other medications eg COCP

28
Q

What is the trade name of fluoxetine?

A

Prozac

29
Q

How do tricyclic antidepressants work?

A

Inhibit presynaptic noradrenaline and and seretonin transporters

30
Q

What other conditions are tricyclics used to treat?

A

Neuropathic pain
Bladder instability
Migraine prophylaxis

31
Q

TCAs can have an antimuscurinic effect. Name some antimuscurinic side effects?

A

Dry mouth
Blurrd vision
Constipation
Urinary retention

32
Q

TCAs may interact with alpha 1 adrenergic receptors, what sideeffects can this cause?

A

Postural hypotension
Drowsiness
Sexual dysfunction

33
Q

What is the benefit about lofetramine (a TCA)?

A

Less side effects than the other

Relatively nonsedating

34
Q

Name three other receptors that tricyclics block

A

Muscurinic
Alpha 1adrenergic
Histamine

35
Q

Two main side effects of mirtrazapine (can be useful)

A

Weight gain

Sedative

36
Q

What is the therapeutic window for lithiumv

A

0.5-1mmol/L

37
Q

How often should lithium levels be measured?

A

At first weekly then every three months

38
Q

How soon after taking a lithium dose should levels be measured?

A

12 hours

39
Q

What are the side effects of lithium?

A 
Tremor
Dry mouth 
Polydipsia/polyuria
Weight gain 
Hypothyroid
40
Q

What are the indications for lithium?

A

Bipolar
Mania
Recurrent depression
Agressive self harming behaviour

41
Q

In tricyclic overdose will the pupils dilate or constrict?

A

Constrict

42
Q

What are the main two organs that lithium affects?

A

Kidneys and thyroid

43
Q

What are the signs of lithium toxicity?

A

Vomiting/ diarrhoea
“Being drunk” ataxia in coordination slurred speech
Course tremor

44
Q

If someone suspects lithium toxicity what should they do?

A

Drink lots of water
Stop the lithium
See GP/A&E

45
Q

If someone is taking lithium and it is working really well for their mood but they have a tremor, what drug can be added?

A

Beta blocker

46
Q

What common drug should you advise people taking lithium to avoid?

A

Ibruprofen

47
Q

What is the best SSRI in breast feeding?

A

Paroxitine- very small amounts in breast milk

48
Q

What is the risk of using SSRIs in pregnanacy?

A

In first tried ester chance of congenital heart defects

In third risk of withdrawal symptoms in baby

Psychiatry - Chloe (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions